Laparoscopic operative techniques may be of advantage to the patient undergoing colorectal surgery. Of fundamental importance, however, is the careful selection of suitable patients and indications. Even with indications of the colorectum, the many benefits of the minimally invasive approach may be fully effective. Overall morbidity associated with the laparoscopic modality is lower than with conventional surgery. There is a clear relationship between operative experience, conversion rate, and the complication rate achieved (learning curve). Laparoscopic colorectal procedures can also be performed in the elderly patient, in whom – provided the indication has been properly established – the minimally invasive modality is of particular benefit. More recent studies on the topic of laparoscopic colorectal surgery focus, in contrast to earlier studies, less on the feasibility and safety of the technique but more on the criteria of quality of treatment. Surgical treatment of diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon has benefited from the introduction of laparoscopic procedures. In general, laparoscopic procedures here should be restricted to less developed stages. Rectal prolapse is considered to be an ideal indication for a laparoscopic procedure. The use of such interventions to treat colorectal carcinoma, however, continues to be controversial. In the case of low tumour stages located at a favourable site, and provided that the monitoring of the patient be carried out under the more stringent requirements demanded by prospective study protocols, there would appear to be no objection, on the basis of current data, to the use of a laparoscopic procedure. Whether the use of the laparoscopic modality can reduce costs has not been unequivocally established at present, but is considered to be highly likely.