“…(16, 23) Stable dysphagia in the overall group was reported by Braghetto. (15)Six studies assessed pre- and post-operative symptoms by cruroplasty types,(5, 16, 17, 19, 21, 23) including varying combinations of heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, dysphagia, abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, early satiety, dyspnea, arrhythmias, anemia, and hoarseness. Eight studies performed symptom assessment based on presence/absence, severity, and/or frequency without validated symptom measures.…”