Laparoskopische Vagotomie

Referendum Democracy

“…Political disaffection is operationalized in terms of (1) political trust (an index using some fairly standard forced-choice questions); 18 (2) job approval ratings for President Bill Clinton, the US Congress, Florida Governor Jeb Bush, and the Florida state legislature (as well as beliefs about whether, generally speaking, 'things here in Florida are moving in the right direction' vs. 'off track and moving in the wrong direction');…”

“…He adds that 'the present low levels of duty to the polity, understanding of constitutional principles, [and] empathy for others' makes the use of constitutional referendums particularly problematic. 18 Although I too am wary of using referendums to decide constitutional matters, my argument does not rest on an evaluation of existing public opinion or how rights-friendly is the general population. There are a number of problems with this particular criticism of referendums.…”

“…constitutional change 5-7, 10-11, 18, 72, 109-124, 174, 231-42, 247- 20-1, 49, 58, 62-3, 95, 129-30, 174, 190, 217 devolution 62, 129, 221-2, 225- Immergut,Ellen M. 92,99 immigration policy 93, 97 information needs of voters 98-9, 218 information short-cuts 196-203, 218 initiative process 8, 12-13, 15, 19, 26-8, 32-3, 36, 48-51, 56, 72-6, 86, 88-92, 113, 123, 125-7, 130-7 direct and indirect 20 indirect effects of 135 in individual American states 133-4, 143, 235 public opinion on 137-43 tension within 143 Inkatha Freedom Party 240 insurance industry 196-8, 219 interest groups 11 -12, 68-9, 75, 84-6, 91-2, 98, 105, 138, 219, 222, 225 see also ad hoc organizations Ireland 7,51,62,129,175,240 Italy 1,5,7,11,[18][19][20][21]49,51,62,[69][70]72,74,85,129,132,135,175 Japan 74 17-18, 88, 127, 134, 155, 231-2, 238-50 13-14, 105, 125-7, 133-6, 142, 144, 147-53, 158-64, 239 protected 15-16, 67, 85-7, 169-70, 188-9 voters' identification with 181, 190 see also party discipline; party leaders politicization 15 pollution 93 Pommerehne, Werner W. 100-1 Pomper, Gerald 81 Pompidou, Georges 60 populism 27, 70-1, 75, 169, 238; see also faux populism precedent 7, 62-3 'professionalization of the initiative industry' 26, 28-9 Propositions 187 and 209 135 'public brokerage ' 20 public opinion 131, 169-70, 211, 239…”