Laplacian Support Vector Analysis for Subspace Discriminative Learning

Abstract

Abstract-In this paper we propose a novel dimensionality reduction method that is based on successive Laplacian SVM projections in orthogonal deflated subspaces. The proposed method, called Laplacian Support Vector Analysis, produces projection vectors, which capture the discriminant information that lies in the subspace orthogonal to the standard Laplacian SVMs. We show that the optimal vectors on these deflated subspaces can be computed by successively training a standard SVM with specially designed deflation kernels. The resulting normal vectors contain discriminative information that can be used for feature extraction. In our analysis, we derive an explicit form for the deflation matrix of the mapped features in both the initial and the Hilbert space by using the kernel trick and thus, we can handle linear and non-linear deflation transformations. Experimental results in several benchmark datasets illustrate the strength of our proposed algorithm.

Populism and the Greek crisis: A modern tragedy

“…But this prosperity had feet of clay. The excessive public and private borrowing and the waste of resources left the country over-indebted (Arvanitopoulos 2014, 15–37). As Alogoskoufis (2016, author’s translation) explains, The increase in investments and the reduction of savings led in 1998 to large deficits in the current-account balance.…”