Large and rapid changes in light scattering accompany secretion by nerve terminals in the mammalian neurohypophysis.

Salzberg, Brian M.; Obaid, A. L.; Gainer, Harold

doi:10.1085/jgp.86.3.395

Cited by 123 publications

(116 citation statements)

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“…The intrinsic optical changes associated with neurointermediate lobe stimulation,¯rst observed in our laboratory in 1985, 5 now include three components that are associated with three distinct physiological events. The¯rst one is a rapid lightscattering increase, manifested as a decrease in transmitted light intensity (E-wave) resulting from a rise in turbidity, due to an increase in nerve terminal volume (mechanical spike) coincident with excitation of the terminals by an invading action potential 5,6 ; the second intrinsic optical change is the slower decrease in light scattering (S-wave) that re°ects secretion of the peptide hormones oxytocin and arginine vasopressin, 5,7À9 and the third one is the long-duration response (R-wave).…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The¯rst one is a rapid lightscattering increase, manifested as a decrease in transmitted light intensity (E-wave) resulting from a rise in turbidity, due to an increase in nerve terminal volume (mechanical spike) coincident with excitation of the terminals by an invading action potential 5,6 ; the second intrinsic optical change is the slower decrease in light scattering (S-wave) that re°ects secretion of the peptide hormones oxytocin and arginine vasopressin, 5,7À9 and the third one is the long-duration response (R-wave). 10 It is this R-wave that is the focus of the present work.…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gaba Uptake by Gat1 Modulates Long-Term Optical Changes Following Electrical Stimulation of the Pituitary Gland Neurointermediate Lobe

Kosterin

Obaid

Salzberg

2013

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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Intrinsic optical changes that follow infundibular stalk stimulation of the neurointermediate lobe of the mouse pituitary gland exhibit three di®erent phases that re°ect three distinct physiological events. The¯rst (E-wave) is the rapid light-scattering increase that is associated with a nerve terminal volume increase (mechanical spike), and that accompanies excitation of the neurohypophysial terminals by the invading action potential; the second (S-wave) is the slower lightscattering decrease that is tightly correlated with the secretion of the peptide hormones oxytocin and arginine vasopressin, and the third is the long-duration response (R-wave) that re°ects cell volume changes in the pars intermedia. We have studied the E-wave and the S-wave in earlier publications. The R-wave, considered here, is sensitive to chloride replacement as well as to blockade of chloride channels. By blocking GABA A receptors (which are ligand-gated chloride channels) with pharmacological agents, and by applying GABA directly into the bathing solution, or evoking its release from GABAergic inputs, we have demonstrated that this long-duration optical response is sensitive to chloride movements and re°ects GABA-induced changes in the intrinsic optical properties of the pars intermedia. The full time-course of this optical response takes minutes and, therefore, has to embody some other process (or processes) related to the restoration of resting physiological chloride concentrations, following the opening and closing of GABA A -receptor channels. Here we demonstrate that the shape of the R-wave, the long-lasting

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Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaba Uptake by Gat1 Modulates Long-Term Optical Changes Following Electrical Stimulation of the Pituitary Gland Neurointermediate Lobe

Kosterin

Obaid

Salzberg

2013

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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“…Salzberg [33] studied the intact neurohypophysis of mice and reported large and rapid decreases in light scat- tering, which accompanied the secretion by nerve terminals. These changes occurred in two phases and the fractional light intensity change was approximately 0.2%.…”

Section: Neuronal Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near infrared spectroscopy to study the brain: an overview

Wolf

Morren

Haensse

et al. 2008

Opto-Electronics Review

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“…Recently, however, very significant works were published using this optical signal. A large light-scattering signal was discovered from the neurosecretory terminals in the posterior lobe of the mouse pituitary gland [53]. The signal summates and lasts for a considerable period, and the amplitude of the summated signal easily attains the order of 10 _ 3 of the background light intensity.…”

Section: C) Scattering Signals From Secretory Terminalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, thermal, and optical changes of the nerve membrane associated with excitation.

Watanabe

1986

Jpn.J.Physiol

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In this minireview, some of the recent experimental findings on the excitable membranes of nerve fibers obtained by nonelectrophysiological means are discussed. This minireview, however, does not treat the vast literature on the "optical probes of the membrane potential," which is adequately covered by other excellent reviews [14,22,23,30,52].When the nerve fiber is excited, it transiently changes many of its physical properties. From the biological point of view, the most significant is the change in membrane potential, since the transmission of information along the nerve fiber is mediated by the electric local current. Other physical changes are significant mainly because they contain information on the molecular mechanism of the excitation process. They are usually very small for an easy detection, but progress in the techniques of extracting small signals from noise allowed us to discover and examine some of these signals. In this minireview, several recent findings on mechanical, thermal, and optical signals will be discussed.

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Large and rapid changes in light scattering accompany secretion by nerve terminals in the mammalian neurohypophysis.

Cited by 123 publications

References 50 publications

Gaba Uptake by Gat1 Modulates Long-Term Optical Changes Following Electrical Stimulation of the Pituitary Gland Neurointermediate Lobe

Gaba Uptake by Gat1 Modulates Long-Term Optical Changes Following Electrical Stimulation of the Pituitary Gland Neurointermediate Lobe

Near infrared spectroscopy to study the brain: an overview

Mechanical, thermal, and optical changes of the nerve membrane associated with excitation.

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