Large-area, green solvent spray deposited nickel oxide films for scalable fabrication of triple-cation perovskite solar cells

Abstract

A large-scale (64 cm2), spray-coated nickel oxide (NiO) film as a hole-transport layer has successfully yielded >17% efficiency in planar triple-cation perovskite solar cells (PSCs).

Dopant‐Free, Amorphous–Crystalline Heterophase SnO2Electron Transport Bilayer Enables >20% Efficiency in Triple‐Cation Perovskite Solar Cells

“…The green antisolvent used herein was prepared by mixing ethyl acetate (EA) and hexane (Hex) in 7:3 v/v, as reported in the authors' previous work. [ 16,46 ] For the deposition of the perovskite film, 50 µL of the perovskite precursor solution was spin‐coated onto the substrate using a two‐stage spin‐coating program, that is, 1500 rpm for 10 s followed by 5500 rpm for 30 s. At the 10 s interval during the second‐stage spin‐coating, 100 µL of the EA–Hex mixed antisolvent was continuously dripped onto the spinning substrate. The perovskite films were then annealed at 45 °C for 2 min in the glovebox and a further 150 °C for 20 min in air.…”

“…A white LED was used as biased light and a pulsed blue light (473 nm) generated by a laser diode (CNI laser, MBL‐FN‐473) was used as a perturbation source. [ 46,47 ] The background signal was set to zero by subtracting the average of the signal measured prior to excitation, and then the transient was fitted with a generic double exponential decay function. Dark impedance spectroscopy measurements were carried out using an impedance analyzer (CompactStat, IVIUM Tech) at voltage bias of 0.9 V and a perturbation voltage of 10 mV.…”

Comparison of NiOxthin film deposited by spin-coating or thermal evaporation for application as a hole transport layer of perovskite solar cells

“…Due to Ni vacancies, some Ni 2+ ions have to be converted to Ni 3+ ions in order to maintain the electrical neutrality in the structure, and the created Ni 3+ ions take charge of conduction in NiO. [32][33][34][35][36] The creation of Ni 3+ from Ni 2+ can be expressed according to the following reaction: 36…”

Chemically Stable Black Phase CsPbI3 Inorganic Perovskites for High‐Efficiency Photovoltaics

“…[ 1–7 ] Several years of intensive research efforts have rendered a rapid increase in the performance of OIHPs‐based optoelectronics, especially the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) soaring from the initially unstable 3.8% to a certified and stable 25.2%. [ 8 ] Large‐scale PSCs have also achieved great achievements, [ 9–12 ] the 1 cm 2 active area PSCs have approached ≈21% efficiency. [ 13 ] The minimodule (≈21 cm 2 ) and submodule (≈703 cm 2 ) PSCs have achieved ≈18% and ≈12% efficiency, respectively.…”