Large bowel myoelectrical activity in man.

Taylor, Imogen; Duthie, H. L.; Smallwood, R. H.; Linkens, D.A.

doi:10.1136/gut.16.10.808

Cited by 102 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The spontaneous pattern of colonic motility recorded in the anaesthetized ferret shows components that correspond to myoelectric events recorded in conscious animals including man (Taylor, Duthie, Smallwood & Linkens, 1975;Fioramonti, Bueno & Ruckebusch, 1980;. The short-duration, low-amplitude contractions correspond to the short spike bursts recorded myoelectrically from the conscious ferret and occurred at the same frequency as the slow waves .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal control of colonic motility in the anaesthetized ferret: evidence for a non‐cholinergic excitatory innervation.

Collman¹,

Grundy²,

Scratcherd³

1984

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Spontaneous colonic motility in the urethane-anaesthetized ferret consists of two distinct types of contraction which correspond to the patterns recorded myoelectrically in conscious animals.2. This motility was abolished or greatly reduced when nervous conduction was prevented in the cervical vagi by cooling to below 4 'C. On rewarming the nerves the colonic motility returned, after a short latency, to the pre-cool level.3. Atropine transiently abolished colonic motility. On its return the motility was significantly reduced but still sensitive to vagal integrity. Thus the atropine-resistant colonic motility was also abolished or markedly reduced by cooling the cervical vagi to below 4 'C. On rewarming there was a longer latency for the return of motility compared to that before atropinization.4. Electrical vagal stimulation produced, after a short latency, large-amplitude colonic contractions. Following atropine, the short-latency response to electrical vagal stimulation was replaced in the majority of animals by a long-latency response whose characteristics were quite different from those of the cholinergic response. 5. These results are consistent with the vagus containing two functional motor pathways to the colon, one to cholinergic post-ganglionic neurones and the other operating via a non-cholinergic mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal control of colonic motility in the anaesthetized ferret: evidence for a non‐cholinergic excitatory innervation.

Collman¹,

Grundy²,

Scratcherd³

1984

The Journal of Physiology

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“…9). Electrical activity recorded from the mucosa and its relation to muscular activities Because intraluminal electrodes have been used to obtain information on the electrical activity of the muscle coat of the colon in vivo (Taylor et al 1975;Snape, Carlson & Cohen, 1977;Sarna et al 1982), it was of interest to determine the extent to which the electrical activity recorded from the mucosa reflects the activities of the muscle layers. This question was examined in preparations which allowed simultaneous recording from the mucosa and the two muscle layers (preparation E in Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Tetrodotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both slow-wave activity and spike discharges have been recorded from this organ in a number of species including the cat (Christensen, Caprilli & Lund, 1969;Christensen & Hauser, 1971;Wienbeck & Christensen, 1972), dog (El-Sharkawy, 1978; Kocylowski, Bowes & Kingma, 1979), rabbit (Gillespie, 1968;Jule, 1974), mouse (Wood, 1973) and man (Taylor, Duthie, Smallwood & Linkens, 1975;Sarna, Bardakjian, Waterfall & Lund, 1980;Sarna, Waterfall, Bardakjian & Lund, 1981;Sarna, Latimer, Campbell & Waterfall, 1982). However, in most studies the relationship between the slow waves and spike bursts and of both of these to contractions were variable and inconsistent with the pace-maker role advanced for their counterpart in the small intestine.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrical activities of the muscle layers of the canine colon.

El-Sharkawy¹

1983

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The spontaneous electrical and mechanical activities of the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the canine colon were studied.2. The smooth muscle cells of the circular muscle layer exhibited regular, omnipresent myogenic slow-wave activity at a frequency ranging from 4 to 7 c/min. With intracellular micro-electrodes, the slow-wave amplitude was 21-38 mV and its duration 3-6 sec. The 'resting' membrane potential was -60 to -76 mV. Some slow waves had superimposed spike bursts on their peak depolarizations and only these were associated with phasic contractions. It is concluded that they serve a pace-maker function similar to their counterpart in the small intestine.3. The longitudinal muscle layer exhibited periods ofelectrical activity alternating with periods ofelectrical quiescence. During the activity periods electrical oscillations occurred at a frequency of c/min with spikes on top of them. Each electrical activity period was associated with a prolonged 'tonic' contraction. The duration of these periods was 30-120 sec and their frequency 0A4-1 1 period/min. This activity is similar to that recorded from the longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig caecum despite the anatomical differences.4. The electrical activity periods of the longitudinal muscle appeared to require an excitatory input (stretch and/or acetylcholine release). Provided the strips were not excessively stretched, atropine abolished all electrical and motor activity.Stretching prolonged the electrical activity periods until they eventually fused together and the muscle developed maintained tone.5. Simultaneously recording from both layers showed that, although electrotonic spread between the two layers is probably insignificant, the activity of the two layers was co-ordinated. Only those slow waves of the circular layer that occurred during the electrical activity periods of the longitudinal layer had superimposed spikes. It is suggested that this co-ordination may indicate that the two muscle layers may be commanded by a common input from periodically active, cholinergic intramural neurones.It is proposed that the complex patterns of colonic electrical and motor activities may be explained as consisting of two major components: one arising from the longitudinal (long spike bursts, high-frequency oscillations and tonic contractions) and the other from the circular layer (slow waves, short spike and phasic contractions).T. Y. EL-SHARKA WY 7. Simultaneous electrical records from the two muscle layers and the mucosa failed to show a consistent relationship between the mucosal record and the activity ofeither layer. Caution should be exercised in the interpretation of intraluminally derived electrical recordings.

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“…These cells are responsible for initiating the slow wave activity in the gastrointestinal tract that is integral to the coordination of gastrointestinal motility (Bortoff 1965;Taylor et al 1975;Duthie and Kirk 1978;Sanders and Smith 1986;Maeda et al 1992;Sanders 1996;Ward et al 1997;Sanders et al 1999). Additional suggested functions of the ICC include mediation of neurotransmission and active propagation of electrical events (Thuneberg 1982;Rumessen et al 1993;Rumessen 1996;Torihashi et al 1997;Wang et al 1999Wang et al , 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in equine colic: an immunohistochemical study of horses with obstructive disorders of the small and large intestines

Fintl

Hudson

Mayhew

et al. 2004

Equine Veterinary Journal

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SummaryReasons for performing study: The gastrointestinal pacemaker cells, the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), have been implicated in several human gastrointestinal dysmotility syndromes. Recently, the involvement of these cells in equine gastrointestinal diseases has been investigated in cases of equine grass sickness where a significant reduction in ICC density was observed. Objective: To investigate ICC density in equine obstructive gastrointestinal disorders using immunohistochemical labelling methods. Methods: Intestinal samples were analysed from 44 horses undergoing exploratory surgery for colic and from 11 control animals subjected to euthanasia for conditions not related to the gastrointestinal tract. Immunohistochemical labelling of ICC was carried out using an anti-c-Kit antibody. Two independent observers assessed ICC density using a semiquantitative grading system. Results: There was a significant reduction in ICC density in horses with large colon disorders compared to the controls (P<0.01). Horses with strangulating lesions of the small intestine showed no difference when compared to the controls. Conclusions: There was a reduction in ICC density in horses with large intestinal disorders. Potential relevance: The reduction in ICC density may be associated with the clinical findings as well as recurrent colic episodes observed in a number of these cases. This immunohistochemical study provides a basis for future functional electrophysiological investigations to determine the precise effect of ICC reduction on equine intestinal motility.

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Large bowel myoelectrical activity in man.

Cited by 102 publications

References 12 publications

Vagal control of colonic motility in the anaesthetized ferret: evidence for a non‐cholinergic excitatory innervation.

Vagal control of colonic motility in the anaesthetized ferret: evidence for a non‐cholinergic excitatory innervation.

Electrical activities of the muscle layers of the canine colon.

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in equine colic: an immunohistochemical study of horses with obstructive disorders of the small and large intestines

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