Large impulsive forces on recurved parapets under non-breaking waves. A numerical study

Castellino, Myrta; Sammarco, Paolo; Romano, Alessandro; Martinelli, Luca; Ruol, Piero; Franco, Leopoldo; Girolamo, Paolo De

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2018.01.012

Cited by 64 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These structures are subjected to a variety of hydraulic processes, one of the most important and extensively studied being wave overtopping, due to the danger it poses to the people, property and infrastructure being protected. Therefore, the prediction of wave overtopping is crucial and it can be achieved using three established methods [1]: by using empirical formulae derived from large datasets of laboratory and field measurements (e.g., [2][3][4][5]); by using scaled physical model tests carried out in laboratories (e.g., [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]) some of which were included in the CLASH dataset [14] to calibrate formulae and neural network tools; or by simulating the hydraulic response of a structure using numerical models (e.g., [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]). Over the years, extensive research has been carried out into all of these methodologies; nonetheless, they are not perfect design tools, and they require further improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Wave Overtopping: A New Small Scale Laboratory Dataset for the Assessment of Uncertainty for Smooth Sloped and Vertical Coastal Structures

Williams

Briganti

Romano

et al. 2019

JMSE

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Most physical model tests carried out to quantify wave overtopping are conducted using a wave energy spectrum, which is then used to generate a free surface wave time series at the wave paddle. This method means that an infinite number of time series can be generated, but, due to the expense of running physical models, often only a single time series is considered. The aim of this work is to investigate the variation in the main overtopping measures when multiple wave times series generated from the same spectrum are used. Physical model tests in a flume measuring 15 m (length) by 0.23 m (width) with an operating depth up to 0.22 m were carried out using a stochastic approach on two types of structures (a smooth slope and a vertical wall), and a variety of wave conditions. Results show variation of overtopping discharge, computed by normalising the range of the discharges at a certain wave condition with the maximum value of the discharge in the range up to 10%, when the same wave time series is used, but this range increases to 75% when different time series are used. This variation is found to be of a similar magnitude to both the one found with similar experiments looking at the phenomena in numerical models, and that specified by the confidence bounds in empirical methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Wave Overtopping: A New Small Scale Laboratory Dataset for the Assessment of Uncertainty for Smooth Sloped and Vertical Coastal Structures

Williams

Briganti

Romano

et al. 2019

JMSE

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“…Castellino et al [14] and Martinelli et al [15] conducted numerical and experimental investigations, respectively, of non-breaking wave forces and overtopping discharges on vertical breakwaters with parapets. Their data showed good agreement with the reduction factor proposed by Pearson et al [12].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the apparent severity of the numerical model simplifications, the suitability of this approach has been proven in the past by a number of authors who employed similar techniques to evaluate the performance of coastal structures under wave attacks (see Higuera et al [23], Tsai et al [42], and Castellino et al [14]) and other hydraulic applications involving complex air-water interactions (see Bayon and Lopez-Jimenez [43], and Bayon et al [44,45]). Table 3 shows the characteristics of the crown wall and parapets referred to in the parameters depicted in Figure 1b.…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Parapets on Wave Overtopping on Mound Breakwaters with Crown Walls

et al. 2019

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Background literature on the influence of parapets on the overtopping of mound breakwaters is limited. In this study, numerical tests were conducted using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze the influence of nine crown wall geometries (seven with parapets). The CFD model was implemented in OpenFOAM ® and successfully validated with laboratory tests. A new estimator of the dimensionless mean wave-overtopping discharges (logQ) on structures with parapets is proposed. The new estimator depends on the estimation of logQ of the same structure without a parapet. The effects on wave overtopping of the parapet angle (ε p ), parapet width (w p ), and parapet height (h p ) were analyzed. Low values of ε p and w p /h p ≈ 1 produced the highest parapet effectiveness to reduce the mean wave-overtopping discharges.

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“…For a complete description of the technique used in numerical simulations and for the verification of numerical results performed also experimentally, the reader can refer to Castellino [2], Castellino et al [6] and Martinelli et al [7].…”

Section: Description Of the Numerical Simulations Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in Workability of Terminals Placed Along the Inner Side of Port Vertical Breakwaters by Means of Recurved Parapet Walls

Girolamo

Castellino

Romano

2019

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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The function of main port breakwaters is to protect harbour basins from incoming waves and currents. In the event that a maritime terminal is placed on the inner side of a main breakwater, it is extremely important to limit waves overtopping the structure, because the overtopping flows may be very dangerous for the safety of the operations taking place in the terminal. Very often during storms if the overtopping discharges are severe, the terminal is temporarily closed, reducing its average annual workability accordingly. Wave overtopping is normally limited by using high parapet walls (crownwalls) which are not well considered from an environmental point of view due to their visual impact. A good solution to reduce wave overtopping limiting the increasing of the crownwalls height, is to use recurved parapet walls. The paper presents a new formula for recurved walls which can be used to estimate the overtopping flow rates reduction compared to normal vertical parapets. The formula has been obtained for vertical breakwaters by using numerical computations. The recurved parapet has the shape of a circumference sector, characterized by a radius and an opening angle. The numerical computations were performed applying OpenFOAM ® which solves the 3D RANS equations for multiphase flows (air and water). The results show the high hydraulic efficiency of recurved walls in reducing overtopping rates compared to traditional vertical parapets.

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Large impulsive forces on recurved parapets under non-breaking waves. A numerical study

Cited by 64 publications

References 28 publications

Experimental Analysis of Wave Overtopping: A New Small Scale Laboratory Dataset for the Assessment of Uncertainty for Smooth Sloped and Vertical Coastal Structures

Experimental Analysis of Wave Overtopping: A New Small Scale Laboratory Dataset for the Assessment of Uncertainty for Smooth Sloped and Vertical Coastal Structures

Influence of Parapets on Wave Overtopping on Mound Breakwaters with Crown Walls

Improvement in Workability of Terminals Placed Along the Inner Side of Port Vertical Breakwaters by Means of Recurved Parapet Walls

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