Large increase in diffusive greenhouse gas fluxes from subtropical shallow aquaculture ponds during the passage of typhoons

Yang, Ping; Zhang, Yan; Bastviken, David; Lai, Derrick Y.F.; Yang, Hong; Zhang, Yifan; Guo, Qianqian; Tan, Lishan; Tong, Chuan

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124643

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Tropical cyclones are extreme perturbations that can cause a rapid drop in atmospheric pressure, which in turn can trigger substantial CH4 ebullition in tropical coastal areas. Therefore, more direct measurement of CH4 ebullition should be done during the period of typhoon passage in coastal mariculture ponds (Yang et al, 2020b). Fourth, direct measurement of the diel pattern of ebullitive CH4 fluxes was unavailable in the current study, although diurnal variations in CH4 emission have been reported in lakes (e.g., Erkkilä et al, 2018;Hirota et al, 2007;Xing et al, 2004).…”

Section: Limitation and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ebullition was a major pathway of methane emissions from the aquaculture ponds in southeast China

et al. 2020

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Aquaculture ponds are hotspots of carbon cycling and important anthropogenic sources of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4). Despite the importance of CH4 ebullition in aquatic ecosystems, its magnitude and spatiotemporal variations in aquaculture ponds remain poorly understood. In this study, we determined the rates and spatiotemporal variations of ebullitive CH4 emissions from three mariculture ponds during the aquaculture period of two years at a subtropical estuary in southeast China. Our results showed that the mean ebullitive CH4 flux from the studied ponds was 14.9 mg CH4 m −2 h −1 during the aquaculture period and accounted for over 90% of the total CH4 emission, indicating the importance of ebullition as a major CH4 transport mechanism. Ebullitive CH4 emission demonstrated a clear seasonal pattern, with a peak value during the middle stage of aquaculture. Sediment temperature was found to be an important factor influencing the seasonal variations in CH4 ebullition. Ebullitive CH4 fluxes also exhibited considerable spatial variations within the ponds, with 49.7-71.8% of the whole pond CH4 ebullition being detected in the feeding zone where the large loading of sediment organic matter fueled CH4 production. Aquaculture ponds have much higher ebullitive CH4 effluxes than other aquatic ecosystems, which indicated the urgency to mitigate CH4 emission from aquaculture activities. Our findings highlighted that the importance of considering the large spatiotemporal variations in ebullitive CH4 flux in improving the accuracy of large-scale estimation of CH4 fluxes in aquatic ecosystems. Future studies should be conducted to characterize CH4 ebullitive fluxes over a greater number and diversity of aquaculture ponds and examine the mechanisms controlling CH4 ebullition in aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Limitation and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ebullition was a major pathway of methane emissions from the aquaculture ponds in southeast China

et al. 2020

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“…The different feeding habits of animals may influence their respired CO 2 flux [51]. Extreme weather events, e.g., typhoons, were found to lead to a significant increase in CO 2 and other greenhouse gas flux from shrimp ponds and mangroves [36,52]. A full picture of the consequences of mangrove conversion would only be possible with operation-specific emission data being available and uncertainties clarified resulting from other factors, e.g., extreme weather events.…”

Section: Uncertainties and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘Perfect’ Conversion: Dramatic Increase in CO2 Efflux from Shellfish Ponds and Mangrove Conversion in China

2021

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Aquaculture, particularly shellfish ponds, has expanded dramatically and become a major cause of mangrove deforestation and “blue carbon” loss in China. We present the first study to examine CO2 efflux from marine aquaculture/shellfish ponds and in relation to land-use change from mangrove forests in China. Light and dark sediment CO2 efflux from shellfish ponds averaged at 0.61 ± 0.07 and 0.90 ± 0.12 kg CO2 m−2 yr−1 (= 37.67 ± 4.89 and 56.0 ± 6.13 mmol m−2 d−1), respectively. The corresponding rates (−4.21 ± 4.54 and 41.01 ± 4.15 mmol m−2 d−1) from the adjacent mangrove forests that were devoid of aquaculture wastewater were lower, while those from the adjacent mangrove forests (3.48 ± 7.83 and 73.02 ± 5.76 mmol m−2 d−1)) receiving aquaculture wastewater markedly increased. These effluxes are significantly higher than those reported for mangrove forests to date, which is attributable to the high nutrient levels and the physical disturbance of the substrate associated with the aquaculture operation. A rise of 1 °C in the sediment temperature resulted in a 6.56% rise in CO2 released from the shellfish ponds. Combined with pond area data, the total CO2 released from shellfish ponds in 2019 was estimated to be ~12 times that in 1983. The total annual CO2 emission from shellfish ponds associated with mangrove conversion reached 2–5 Tg, offsetting the C storage by mangrove forests in China. These are significant environmental consequences rather than just a simple shift of land use. Around 30% higher CO2 emissions are expected from aquaculture ponds (including shellfish ponds) compared to shellfish ponds alone. Total annual CO2 emission from shellfish ponds will likely decrease to the level reported in early 1980 under the pond area-shrinking scenario, but it will be more than doubled under the business-as-usual scenario projected for 2050. This study highlights the necessity of curbing the expansion of aquaculture ponds in valuable coastal wetlands and increasing mangrove restoration to abandoned ponds.

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“…Measurement of meteorological and environmental variables Meteorological variables, including air temperature (AT), air pressure (AP), wind speed (WS), and precipitation, were recorded at 30-min intervals using an automatic meteorological station (Vantage Pro 2, China) installed at the MRE weather station in the China Wetland Ecosystem Research Network. The distance between the automatic meteorological station and sampling ponds is about 75 m. The precision for air temperature, atmospheric pressure, and precipitation were ± 0.2 °C, ± 1.5 hPa, and ± 0.4 mm min-1, respectively (Yang et al, 2020). The air temperature and wind speed were sampled at 1 Hz.…”

Section: Determination Of Dissolved Ch4 Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusive CH4 fluxes from aquaculture ponds using floating chambers and thin boundary layer equations

Yang

Huang

Yang

et al. 2021

Atmospheric Environment

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Large increase in diffusive greenhouse gas fluxes from subtropical shallow aquaculture ponds during the passage of typhoons

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

Ebullition was a major pathway of methane emissions from the aquaculture ponds in southeast China

Ebullition was a major pathway of methane emissions from the aquaculture ponds in southeast China

The ‘Perfect’ Conversion: Dramatic Increase in CO2 Efflux from Shellfish Ponds and Mangrove Conversion in China

Diffusive CH4 fluxes from aquaculture ponds using floating chambers and thin boundary layer equations

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