Large Multilocular Thymic Cyst: A Rare Finding in an HIV Positive Adult Female

Shi, Xiao; Nasseri, Farbod; Berger, David M; Nachiappan, Arun C.

doi:10.4103/2156-7514.100379

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Multilocular thymic cysts are rare acquired inflammatory and often tumour-like lesions (figure 2). They are idiopathic or secondary to autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren syndrome [66] or HIV infection [67]. One case has been reported in association with IgG4-related disease [68].…”

Section: Cysts Of the Anterior Mediastinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediastinal tumours and pseudo-tumours: a comprehensive review with emphasis on multidisciplinary approach

Ghigna

Montpréville

2021

Eur Respir Rev

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The diagnosis of a mediastinal mass may be challenging for clinicians, since lesions arising within the mediastinum include a variety of disease entities, frequently requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Age and sex represent important information, which need to be integrated with imaging and laboratory findings. In addition, the location of the mediastinal lesion is fundamental; indeed, we propose to illustrate mediastinal diseases based on the compartment of origin. We consider that this structured approach may serve as hint to the diagnostic modalities and management of mediastinal diseases. In this review, we present primary mediastinal tumours in the evolving context of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools, with recently described entities, based on our own experience with >900 cases encountered in the past 10 years.

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Section: Cysts Of the Anterior Mediastinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediastinal tumours and pseudo-tumours: a comprehensive review with emphasis on multidisciplinary approach

Ghigna

Montpréville

2021

Eur Respir Rev

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“…MTC in PLWHA is most commonly reported in children, with 12 of the 16 cases occurring at the age of 15 years or younger. Four cases including ours occur in adults, with age of onset in middle age ranging from 35 to 52 years old ( 4 , 16 , 19 ). Most of the cases had only mildly reduced CD4 counts, with a median CD4 count of 308/µl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Multilocular thymic cyst detected during COVID‑19 treatment in an HIV‑positive adult man: A case report and literature review

et al. 2023

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A multilocular thymic cyst (MTC) is a rare mediastinal tumor with multiloculated cyst-like structures in the anterior mediastinum. This tumfor is associated with inflammatory diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The present study reports a case of MTC detected during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment in an adult who was tested HIV positive. An anterior mediastinal tumor was incidentally detected on computed tomography in a 52-year-old man with a 20-year history of HIV infection on the 9th day of COVID-19. The patient was asymptomatic with no notable physical findings. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 28-mm bilocular cyst. Robot-assisted thoracoscopic tumor resection was performed. Pathological examination showed that the cyst was lined with squamous or cuboidal epithelium, and the cystic lesion wall was mainly composed of thymic tissue with follicular hyperplasia. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with MTC. To date, only 15 MTC cases have been reported in patients with HIV, and the majority of cases showed HIV infection-related symptoms such as lymphoid interstitial pneumonia and parotid gland enlargement. The present case was atypical for an HIV-related MTC because it did not involve HIV infection-related symptoms, suggesting the possibility for an alternative etiology such as COVID-19. Further reports on MTC development in patients with COVID-19 are required to elucidate the relationship between MTC and COVID-19.

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“…In this location, they can be confused with a pericardial cyst. True thymic cysts (Figure 8) are typically lined by squamous epithelium, they are filled with fluid and not multiloculated [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Para-Cardiac Cystic Lesions: The Differential Diagnosis

Rossi

Barbieri

Mamone

et al. 2019

BJSTR

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Assisted ventilation in preterm infants treated for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) may cause typically neonatal pneumomediastinum. [1] It is often anterior or anterolateral to the heart and is caused by the escape of air from the broken alveoli through the perivascular sheaths which, moving towards the hilum, finally reaches the anterior mediastinum [2]. The cause is the development of a pressure difference between the alveoli and the perivascular and peribronchial spaces with alveolar break and diffusion of air to the hilus and into the mediastinum that generate airway stretching with lung damage (volutrauma) [3,4]. The aim of this paper is to analyze these unusual patterns through an approach by multidetector CT (MDCT). We report three cases of loculated/ pseudo cystic para cardiac collections anterior and posterior to the hearth mimicking congenital and non-congenital conditions. MethodsThree newborns with respiratory distress and atypical chest X ray signs have been submitted to chest CT. CT studies were performed on one of the following scanners: A secondgeneration dual source CT system (Siemens Somatom Definition Flash, Siemens Erlangen, Germany), with two x-ray tubes and two detectors settled at an angular offset of 95°. A Somaton Sensation 64 (Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany). In both the systems we used a tube current modulation (CARE Dose) with kVp: 70-80 and ref. mAs: 70. Images were reconstructed with a slice thickness of 1 mm. Kernel/Algorithm: B30, B60. With the dual source, Sinogram-Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction (SAFIRE) filter, strength of 1, was employed. None of the children required sedation for CT examinations. We did not inject contrast media because it was considered superfluous. The cases reported for the differential diagnosis studied by CT were performed with the same systems.

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Large Multilocular Thymic Cyst: A Rare Finding in an HIV Positive Adult Female

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Mediastinal tumours and pseudo-tumours: a comprehensive review with emphasis on multidisciplinary approach

Mediastinal tumours and pseudo-tumours: a comprehensive review with emphasis on multidisciplinary approach

Multilocular thymic cyst detected during COVID‑19 treatment in an HIV‑positive adult man: A case report and literature review

Neonatal Para-Cardiac Cystic Lesions: The Differential Diagnosis

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