Large retrospective cohort study of the association between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D status and birth weight of neonate

Abstract

Background:The effect of maternal vitamin D status on the birth weight of offspring is controversial as the results are inconsistent between different populations. This large 2 retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the relationship between maternal vitamin D levels and birth weight of neonate. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 10,586 Chinese women in the 2 nd trimester of pregnancy, and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level of the participants was assessed.Using the INTERGROWTH-21st standards, the offsprings were classified into three groups based on their gestational age and birth weight, which were as follows: small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Results:The average maternal vitamin D concentration was 61.1 nmol/L. The 25(OH)D concentrations were <75.0, <50.0, and <25.0 nmol/L in 76.6%, 31.1%, and 1.6% of the participants, respectively. Approximately 6.4%, 86.4%, and 7.2% of women delivered SGA, AGA, and LGA infants, respectively. No significant differences were observed in vitamin D levels between the three groups (P = 0.562). With the increase in 25(OH)D levels, the risk of SGA and LGA tended to increase and decrease, respectively. However, the results were not precise. AGA was not affected by 25(OH)D levels. The results of the curve fitting and threshold effect analyses did not support the correlation between vitamin D levels and SGA orLGA. Based on the univariate prediction model and the model that adjusted for the risk factors, the area under the curve was extremely small. Thus, 25(OH)D level is not an effective predictor of SGA and LGA.Conclusions: Low maternal vitamin D levels were not associated with SGA or LGA.

The Gestational Effects of Maternal Bone Marker Molecules on Fetal Growth, Metabolism and Long-Term Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review

“…Moreover, a recent large retrospective cohort study from southern China with 10.586 participants did not find significant differences in maternal Vit-D levels between the three neonatal groups (small, appropriate, and large for gestational age). The authors deduced that maternal 25(OH)D levels was not an effective predictor, neither of SGA or LGA neonates [ 78 ]. In line with this study, in their large prospective studies, both Boyle et al [ 79 ] in New Zealand, as well as Zhou et al [ 80 ] in southern China, reported no significant associations between midgestational maternal levels of Vit-D and adverse neonatal outcomes including SGA neonates.…”

The effect of maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on glycolipid metabolism of offspring rats and the improvement of vitamin D intervention after weaning

“…An observational cohort study followed 149 healthy pregnant women pointed maternal vitamin D levels did not correlate with neonatal serum glucose or insulin levels ( 15 ). To date, all of the results of relevant studies are inconsistent and conflicting ( 5 , 16 , 17 ). These differences may be explained by several confounding factors including sample size, geographical location, gestational age at sampling, end time of observation indicator and the rate of vitamin D deficiency ( 16 , 17 ).…”

“…To date, all of the results of relevant studies are inconsistent and conflicting ( 5 , 16 , 17 ). These differences may be explained by several confounding factors including sample size, geographical location, gestational age at sampling, end time of observation indicator and the rate of vitamin D deficiency ( 16 , 17 ).…”