Large-scale bloom of Akashiwo sanguinea in the Northern California current system in 2009

White, Angelicque E.; Watkins-Brandt, Katie S.; McKibben, S. Morgaine; Wood, A. Michelle; Hunter, Matthew; Forster, Zach; Du, Xiuning; Peterson, William T.

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2014.05.004

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A. sanguinea is a cosmopolitan species (Trainer et al 2010), previously associated with shellfish/fish die-offs and red tide events in coastal regions of Japan (Fukuyo et al 1990), Australia and New Zealand (Hallegraeff 1992) and from the Atlantic and Pacific North American coasts (Robinson & Brown 1983, Bockstahler & Coats 1993, Voltolina 1993). This study, in combination with White et al (2014), reveals the precise set, and perhaps more importantly, order of conditions necessary to produce an MME of this magnitude. The 2009 A. sanguinea bloom was unusual in that it occurred during a period of relaxed upwelling and warm temperatures, followed by a resumption of upwelling (Du et al 2011, White et al 2014 Table 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…This study, in combination with White et al (2014), reveals the precise set, and perhaps more importantly, order of conditions necessary to produce an MME of this magnitude. The 2009 A. sanguinea bloom was unusual in that it occurred during a period of relaxed upwelling and warm temperatures, followed by a resumption of upwelling (Du et al 2011, White et al 2014 Table 3. Incidence of sequential environmental conditions identified as requirements for an Akashiwo sanguinea foam event along the outer coast of Washington State, evaluated from 1 August to 30 November, from 1998 to 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Furthermore, this species has been identified as one of several species responsible for an increase in red-tide events in Central California and San Francisco Bay over recent years (Kudela et al 2008). In August 2009, a largescale A. sanguinea bloom formed in the Northeast Pacific off the coast of Washington and Oregon (White et al 2014) during a period of relaxed upwelling and elevated seawater temperatures, conditions typical of dinoflagellate blooms (Cloern et al 2005). Unusually, this bloom persisted for several months, lasting into November (White et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In August 2009, a largescale A. sanguinea bloom formed in the Northeast Pacific off the coast of Washington and Oregon (White et al 2014) during a period of relaxed upwelling and elevated seawater temperatures, conditions typical of dinoflagellate blooms (Cloern et al 2005). Unusually, this bloom persisted for several months, lasting into November (White et al 2014). During this period, dead and moribund marine birds washed ashore in highly elevated numbers at 2 locations along the Washington coastline, concurrent with the observation of foam production and deposition on coastal beaches (Phillips et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mass mortality of marine birds in the Northeast Pacific caused by Akashiwo sanguinea

Jones¹,

Parrish²,

Punt³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are dense concentrations of phytoplankton that can have deleterious effects on marine life. We documented two of the largest marine bird mortality events ever definitively ascribed to a single HAB, the cause of which was death resulting from plumage fouling by surfactant-like proteins produced by the dinoflagellate Akashiwo sanguinea. The two mortality events were observed along the coast of Washington State in September and October 2009, collectively representing an estimated deposition of 10 500 carcasses, of which the majority were surf scoters, white-winged scoters and common murres. Each mortality event was coincident in space and time with observed bloom landfall, with each event preceded by a similar chain of environmental conditions. Prior to each event, the presence of A. sanguinea and upwelling-favourable conditions likely led to bloom proliferation. In both cases, this period was followed by conditions that transported the senescent bloom into the nearshore environment, whereupon subsequent wave action lysed A. sanguinea cells, creating foam that contained surfactant-like compounds. This sequence of conditions, exacerbated by the presence of aggregations of marine birds in wing moult, appear to be the necessary requirements for marine bird mortality of this scale due to foam-induced plumage fouling. This mechanism of HAB-induced mortality may become more prevalent in the California Current System given the apparent increasing occurrence of HABs and the broad environmental tolerances exhibited by A. sanguinea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mass mortality of marine birds in the Northeast Pacific caused by Akashiwo sanguinea

Jones¹,

Parrish²,

Punt³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…First identified in Monterey Bay in 2007, a second, larger event in 2009 resulted in the mortality of hundreds of birds (Phillips et al, 2011). Similar to the 2015 domoic acid event, these blooms were associated with climate anomalies leading to unusually warm and calm conditions, and may have been initiated by pelagic seed banks of cells (White et al, 2014). The diversity of HAB species and their impacts in upwelling systems serve to demonstrate the challenges of achieving the GEOHAB goal of improved prediction.…”

Section: Emerging Hab Problemsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Harmful Algal Blooms in Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems: A GEOHAB Core Research Project

Pitcher¹,

Jiménez²,

Kudela³

et al. 2017

Oceanog.

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Return of the “age of dinoflagellates” in Monterey Bay: Drivers of dinoflagellate dominance examined using automated imaging flow cytometry and long‐term time series analysis

Fischer

Hayashi

McGaraghan

et al. 2020

Limnology & Oceanography

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Phytoplankton biomass in Monterey Bay, California is typically dominated by diatoms, but it shifted to dinoflagellates twice in the past 18 years (2004–2007, 2017–2018), which was associated with increased harmful algal blooms. Located within the central California Current System (CCS), Monterey Bay is strongly influenced by cycles of upwelling‐favorable winds and their relaxation or reversal. Both dinoflagellate‐dominated periods were linked to a negative North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) and increased river discharge, but each had a different relationship with upwelling. To examine the connection between large‐scale and local forcings underlying floristic shifts in the phytoplankton assemblage, an Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB) was deployed within the Monterey Bay upwelling shadow for a full year. A machine learning classifier differentiating IFCB images of the phytoplankton assemblage was developed. Despite anomalously strong upwelling in 2018, dinoflagellates comprised 57% of the annual phytoplankton‐specific biomass. During upwelling, dinoflagellates appear to have accumulated at convergent fronts, while during relaxation these frontal populations were transported to the nearshore where they seeded local blooms. Frequent upwelling‐relaxation cycles and local wind anomalies generated an unusually retentive circulation pattern in the upwelling shadow, producing a warm and stratified bloom incubator. Thus, local features and forcings (upwelling shadow, winds, river discharge) modified the effects of regional‐ and basin‐scale oceanographic variability (regional upwelling, NPGO), altering local phytoplankton patterns. As North Pacific decadal variability and CCS upwelling intensity increase under climate warming, dinoflagellates may become more common in some CCS regions, due to the enhancement or mitigation of large‐scale trends by local forcings.

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Large-scale bloom of Akashiwo sanguinea in the Northern California current system in 2009

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

Mass mortality of marine birds in the Northeast Pacific caused by Akashiwo sanguinea

Mass mortality of marine birds in the Northeast Pacific caused by Akashiwo sanguinea

Harmful Algal Blooms in Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems: A GEOHAB Core Research Project

Return of the “age of dinoflagellates” in Monterey Bay: Drivers of dinoflagellate dominance examined using automated imaging flow cytometry and long‐term time series analysis

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