Large-scale characteristics of landfalling tropical cyclones with abrupt intensity change

Ji, Qianqian; Feng, Xinbin; Xu, Jianjun; Liang, Man; Tu, Shifei; Chen, Siqi

doi:10.1007/s11707-019-0792-6

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Determining how coastal ocean processes contribute energy to landfalling TCs is critical to accurately forecasting storm intensities for coastal populations ( 19 , 33 ). As Hurricane María approached Puerto Rico, it underwent an RI: 48 hours before landfall, María was a Category 1 TC with 44 m s −1 winds, but just a few hours before landfall, it had intensified to a Category 5 with 77 m s −1 winds (as it made landfall, María weakened slightly to a high Category 4 due to an eyewall replacement) ( 34 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Atlantic continental TC research continues to advance, much less is understood about TC interactions with small islands (39), whose communities are especially vulnerable to TC impacts due to their relative isolation, and the increased mortality and injury burden to populations with less developed infrastructure and access to resources (40,41). In addition, the destructiveness of TCs is projected to increase with climate change not only due to sea-level rise and increased flooding (42) but also because the storm life spans, intensities, and intensification rates are projected to increase with warming SSTs (43)(44)(45)(46), particularly for the Atlantic (47,48) and Western Pacific ocean basins (33) where thousands of small islands are found.…”

Section: New Framework Of Tc Dynamics Near Steep Island Coastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid observations of ocean dynamics and stratification along a steep island coast during Hurricane María

et al. 2021

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Hurricanes are extreme storms that affect coastal communities, but the linkages between hurricane forcing and ocean dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we present full water column observations at unprecedented resolution from the southwest Puerto Rico insular shelf and slope during Hurricane María, representing a rare set of high-frequency, subsurface, oceanographic observations collected along an island margin during a hurricane. The shelf geometry and orientation relative to the storm acted to stabilize and strengthen stratification. This maintained elevated sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) throughout the storm and led to an estimated 65% greater potential hurricane intensity contribution at this site before eye passage. Coastal cooling did not occur until 11 hours after the eye passage. Our findings present a new framework for how hurricane interaction with insular island margins may generate baroclinic processes that maintain elevated SSTs, thus potentially providing increased energy for the storm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: New Framework Of Tc Dynamics Near Steep Island Coastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid observations of ocean dynamics and stratification along a steep island coast during Hurricane María

et al. 2021

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“…As we can see from Figure 5A, the intensifying TCs with larger r vmax were distributed in South China. Only two cases are located in the northern Zhejiang, namely Bill (8807) in 1988 and YAGI (1814) in 2018 because of the sufficient water vapor supply to support active convection in the inner core of the TCs (Jiang, 1989;Huang et al, 2018;Ji et al, 2019). The weakening TCs were densely distributed over East China (Figure 5C), and neutral TCs were distributed in both South and East China (Figure 5B).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Spatial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between pre-landfall intensity change and post-landfall weakening of tropical cyclones over China

Wang

Liu

2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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The accurate prediction of the weakening of landfalling tropical cyclones (TC) is of great importance to the disaster prevention but is still challenging. In this study, based on the 6-hourly TC best-track data and global reanalysis data, the relationship between the intensity change prior to landfall of TCs and the energy dissipation rate after landfall over mainland China is statistically analyzed, and the difference between East and South China is compared. Results show that TCs making landfall over East China often experienced pre-landfall weakening and usually corresponded to a rapid decay after landfall, while most TCs making landfall over South China intensified prior to landfall and weakened slowly after landfall. The key factors affecting both pre-landfall intensity change and post-landfall energy dissipation rate are quantitatively analyzed. It is found that the decreasing sea surface temperature (SST), increasing SST gradient, and increasing environmental vertical wind shear are the major factors favoring high pre-landfall weakening occurrence, leading to rapid TC weakening after landfall over East China. In South China, changes in the large-scale environmental factors are relatively small and contribute little to the post-landfall weakening rate.

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Large-scale characteristics of landfalling tropical cyclones with abrupt intensity change

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Rapid observations of ocean dynamics and stratification along a steep island coast during Hurricane María

Rapid observations of ocean dynamics and stratification along a steep island coast during Hurricane María

The relationship between pre-landfall intensity change and post-landfall weakening of tropical cyclones over China

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