Large-scale genome sequencing reveals the driving forces of viruses in microalgal evolution

Nelson, David R.; Hazzouri, Khaled M.; Lauersen, Kyle J.; Jaiswal, Ashish; Chaiboonchoe, Amphun; Mystikou, Alexandra; Fu, Weiqi; Daakour, Sarah; Dohai, Bushra; Alzahmi, Amnah; Nobles, David R.; Hurd, Mark W.; Sexton, J.; Preston, Michael J.; Blanchette, Joan; Lomas, Michael W.; Amiri, Khaled M. A.; Salehi‐Ashtiani, Kourosh

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.12.005

Cited by 60 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…Zhang et al, 2021; Z. Zhang et al, 2020); as have expansions in hydrophobic residues in cold-adapted bacteria (Metpally & Reddy, 2009) and freshwater eukaryotic algae (Nelson et al, 2021)suggesting possible adaptive features to the cold, fresher Arctic waters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine if Arctic species have converged on similar PFAM contents, pairwise Bray-Curtis indices were calculated between the PFAM distributions across the pan-algal dataset, considering genome and transcriptome libraries separately (Fig. 3- Figure Supplement 2; Table S2, sheets 6, 8-10) (Anderson et al, 2016; Horn et al, 2016; Nelson et al, 2021). To avoid artifacts caused by differences in phylogenetic proximity, species from the same taxonomic group were excluded (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We further show that within-Arctic HGT, exemplified by genes coding for ice-binding domains, is an important component of this convergent evolution. The overall results position within-ocean HGT as a mechanism of environmental adaptation, which may occur via biotic interactions characteristic of Arctic species such as photo-mixotrophy (McKie-Krisberg & Sanders, 2014; Søgaard et al, 2021) and viral infection (Irwin et al, 2021; Nelson et al, 2021); or even the direct exchange of genetic material through the Arctic water column or sea ice (Raymond, 2011; Raymond & Kim, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Within-Arctic horizontal gene transfer as a driver of convergent evolution in distantly related microalgae

Dorrell

Kuo

Füssy

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The Arctic Ocean is being impacted by warming temperatures, increasing freshwater and highly variable ice conditions. The microalgal communities underpinning Arctic marine food webs, once thought to be dominated by diatoms, include a phylogenetically diverse range of small algal species, whose biology remains poorly understood. Here, we present genome sequences of a cryptomonad, a haptophyte, a chrysophyte, and a pelagophyte, isolated from the Arctic water column and ice. Comparing protein family distributions and sequence similarity across a densely-sampled set of algal genomes and transcriptomes, we note striking convergences in the biology of distantly related small Arctic algae, compared to non-Arctic relatives; although this convergence is largely exclusive of Arctic diatoms. Using high-throughput phylogenetic approaches, incorporating environmental sequence data from Tara Oceans, we demonstrate that this convergence was partly explained by horizontal gene transfers (HGT) between Arctic species, in over at least 30 other discrete gene families, and most notably in ice-binding domains (IBD). These Arctic-specific genes have been repeatedly transferred between Arctic algae, and are independent of equivalent HGTs in the Antarctic Southern Ocean. Our data provide insights into the specialised Arctic marine microbiome, and underlines the role of geographically-limited HGT as a driver of environmental adaptation in eukaryotic algae.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Within-Arctic horizontal gene transfer as a driver of convergent evolution in distantly related microalgae

Dorrell

Kuo

Füssy

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Transformation efficiency depends on many factors such as cell size, presence or absence of a cell wall, duration of agitation, velocity, the concentration of surfactant, and the use of linear or circular DNA [26]. The frequency of DNA integration into the C. reinhardtii genome with glass bead agitation has been reported at~10 3 transformants µg of DNA -1 with~10 8 cells mL −1 starting cell concentration [14]. Reports have shown that numerous other non-reactive materials, such as silicon carbide whiskers can also serve this purpose [27].…”

Section: Agitation Of Cells In the Presence Of Dna And Non-ionic Surfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic engineering of algae and cyanobacteria in the era of synthetic biology holds the promise of tailored production of novel and customized metabolites using sustainable waste CO 2 as a feedstock. However, algae are a diverse and polyphyletic group of organisms which do not share close evolutionary relatedness and exhibit incredible variability in their genomes [3]. These features have hindered intensive molecular tool development except in a handful of model species, and their broader application to biotechnology has been slower compared to other hosts such as bacteria, yeast, plant, and mammalian cells [2,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Delivery Technologies with Applications in Microalgal Genetic Engineering

Gutiérrez

Lauersen

2021

Biology

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Microalgae and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microbes that can be grown with the simple inputs of water, carbon dioxide, (sun)light, and trace elements. Their engineering holds the promise of tailored bio-molecule production using sustainable, environmentally friendly waste carbon inputs. Although algal engineering examples are beginning to show maturity, severe limitations remain in the transformation of multigene expression cassettes into model species and DNA delivery into non-model hosts. This review highlights common and emerging DNA delivery methods used for other organisms that may find future applications in algal engineering.

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