2021
DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201296
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Large-scale interventions may delay decline of the Great Barrier Reef

Abstract: On the iconic Great Barrier Reef (GBR), the cumulative impacts of tropical cyclones, marine heatwaves and regular outbreaks of coral-eating crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) have severely depleted coral cover. Climate change will further exacerbate this situation over the coming decades unless effective interventions are implemented. Evaluating the efficacy of alternative interventions in a complex system experiencing major cumulative impacts can only be achieved through a systems modelling approach. We have eva… Show more

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Cited by 45 publications
(79 citation statements)
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References 131 publications
(272 reference statements)
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“…Identifying proactive measures to prevent or minimise outbreaks would be the most effective way of protecting coral reefs and increasing the success of coral restoration programs. Larval success may be curtailed by a reduction in agricultural runoff and thereby a reduction in phytoplankton food levels [ 128 ], although the link between runoff and outbreaks remains equivocal. Stronger evidence is emerging on the importance of COTS predators in reducing outbreaks [ 29 , 31 , 40 , 122 ].…”
Section: Crown Of Thorns Starfish Will Remain a Concern And Burdenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Identifying proactive measures to prevent or minimise outbreaks would be the most effective way of protecting coral reefs and increasing the success of coral restoration programs. Larval success may be curtailed by a reduction in agricultural runoff and thereby a reduction in phytoplankton food levels [ 128 ], although the link between runoff and outbreaks remains equivocal. Stronger evidence is emerging on the importance of COTS predators in reducing outbreaks [ 29 , 31 , 40 , 122 ].…”
Section: Crown Of Thorns Starfish Will Remain a Concern And Burdenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 ) 39 , 40 , we anticipate that targeted fisheries management will contribute to controlling CoTS outbreaks within two or three decades. Combining this with current CoTS management interventions, such as direct manual control 15 and improving water quality in land-based run-off 21 , 29 , will significantly enhance efforts to support reef restoration and resilience in a warming climate 14 . In summary, targeted fisheries management, including well-designed and enforced no-take marine reserves, offers a tangible and promising contribution to effectively reduce the incidence and impacts of destructive CoTS outbreaks across the Indo-Pacific region.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While neither hypothesis has received universal or unequivocal support 2 , their contributions to causing or propagating CoTS outbreaks are also not mutually exclusive. Given that CoTS outbreaks continue to be one of the major drivers of coral loss 12 , including during recent mass bleaching events 13 , new pathways for CoTS control at large scale have become increasingly important to halt further declines in coral cover and support reef restoration and resilience in a warming climate across the Indo-Pacific 14 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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