Large-Scale Ionospheric Irregularities Detected by Ionosonde and GNSS Receiver Network

Jiang, Chunhua; Wei, Lehui; Yang, Guobin; Aa, Ercha; Lan, Ting; Liu, Tongxin; Liu, Jing; Zhao, Zhengyu

doi:10.1109/lgrs.2020.2990940

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A coronal mass ejection (CME) event associated with the flare, was triggered and caused disturbed magnetospheric and ionospheric condi-tions [27][28][29]. Many studies have analyzed and described the characteristics and behavior of ionospheric irregularities during this storm [30][31][32][33][34][35]. Recently Atıcı et al [32] investigated the occurrence of irregularities during this storm at all latitudes using the international GNSS System (IGS)-GPS network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionosonde Observations of Spread F and Spread Es at Low and Middle Latitudes during the Recovery Phase of the 7–9 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm

Wei

Jiang

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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This study presents observations of nighttime spread F/ionospheric irregularities and spread Es at low and middle latitudes in the South East Asia longitude of China sectors during the recovery phase of the 7–9 September 2017 geomagnetic storm. In this study, multiple observations, including a chain of three ionosondes located about the longitude of 100° E, Swarm satellites, and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ROTI maps, were used to study the development process and evolution characteristics of the nighttime spread F/ionospheric irregularities at low and middle latitudes. Interestingly, spread F and intense spread Es were simultaneously observed by three ionosondes during the recovery phase. Moreover, associated ionospheric irregularities could be observed by Swarm satellites and ground-based GNSS ionospheric TEC. Nighttime spread F and spread Es at low and middle latitudes might be due to multiple off-vertical reflection echoes from the large-scale tilts in the bottom ionosphere. In addition, we found that the periods of the disturbance ionosphere are ~1 h at ZHY station, ~1.5 h at LSH station and ~1 h at PUR station, respectively. It suggested that the large-scale tilts in the bottom ionosphere might be produced by LSTIDs (Large scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances), which might be induced by the high-latitude energy inputs during the recovery phase of this storm. Furthermore, the associated ionospheric irregularities observed by satellites and ground-based GNSS receivers might be caused by the local electric field induced by LSTIDs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionosonde Observations of Spread F and Spread Es at Low and Middle Latitudes during the Recovery Phase of the 7–9 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm

Wei

Jiang

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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“…When the ionosphere is affected by the geomagnetic storm, an ionospheric storm occurs. So it is well known that the ionosphere can be affected by a geomagnetic storm through the thermosphere [20][21][22][23][24][25]. The variation of the foF2 can be used to analyse the ionospheric storm.…”

Section: Magnetically Disturbed Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric Behavior of foF2 over Chinese EIA Region and Its Comparison with IRI-2016

et al. 2020

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The ionograms, which were recorded by the ionosonde located at Pu’er station (PUR, 22.7°N, 101.05°E, Dip Latitude 12.9°N) in the Southwest of China in the year of 2016, were used to study the ionospheric behavior of the ordinary critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2) in the region of the northern equatorial ionization anomaly. To verify the performance of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) over the Southwest of China, a comparative study of the observed foF2 and the latest version of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2016) was carried out. We found that the foF2 in equinox months is greater than summer and winter. Moreover, a higher frequency of the observed bite-out of foF2 in January and April than other months and the IRI-2016 cannot represent the bite-out of foF2 in diurnal variations. Compared to the observations at Pu’er Station, the IRI-2016 underestimated foF2 for most time of the year. The IRI with the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) option overestimated foF2 is higher than that with the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) option. Furthermore, the normalized root mean square error of foF2 from the IRI-2016 with the CCIR option is less than that with the URSI.

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“…In some extreme events, the depletion signatures could reach to ±40°magnetic latitude (Aa et al., 2019; Mendillo, 2006). Furthermore, the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) product, Super Dual Auroral Radar Network measurements and the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere ‐ Electrodynamics General Circulation Model's (TIE‐GCM) simulations are also used to investigate the physical mechanism of storm‐induced plasma irregularities during 7–8 September, 2017; some studies believed that the prereversal enhancement of eastward PPEF was the main driver (Akala et al., 2020; Jiang et al., 2020; Jin et al., 2018), while other studies contributed this ionospheric storm to a combined action of the thermospheric O/N 2 ratio and enhanced electric field (Imtiaz et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, the large-scale ionospheric irregularities were also observed in China (Jiang et al, 2020), equator/low-latitude regions (Akala et al, 2020;Mendillo, 2006), and the Arctic (Blagoveshchensky & Sergeeva, 2019). The 5-min averaged ROTI maps derived from the Wuhan ionospheric sounding system and GNSS receivers revealed that distinct plasma irregularities covered a board area in the western part of China (Jiang et al, 2020), and these positive TEC irregularities over the Asian sector were observed earlier than in the American-African sectors from the global ionosphere map with an interval of 15 min (Atıcı & Sağır, 2020;Imtiaz et al, 2020). These EPBs could rise to higher altitudes with plasma depletion extending along the magnetic field lines to mid-latitude regions under favorable storm time PPEF or prereversal enhancement (PRE) conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A combination of the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar data and 2-D detrended TEC maps provided 15-min averaged ROTI maps over the America sector, distinct stream-like structures of TEC depletion occurred simultaneously at geomagnetically conjugate points, and large-scale positive ROTI irregularities propagated poleward along the geomagnetic field lines and then drifted westward (Aa et al, 2019). Besides, the large-scale ionospheric irregularities were also observed in China (Jiang et al, 2020), equator/low-latitude regions (Akala et al, 2020;Mendillo, 2006), and the Arctic (Blagoveshchensky & Sergeeva, 2019). The 5-min averaged ROTI maps derived from the Wuhan ionospheric sounding system and GNSS receivers revealed that distinct plasma irregularities covered a board area in the western part of China (Jiang et al, 2020), and these positive TEC irregularities over the Asian sector were observed earlier than in the American-African sectors from the global ionosphere map with an interval of 15 min (Atıcı & Sağır, 2020;Imtiaz et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spatial‐Temporal Behaviors of Large‐Scale Ionospheric Perturbations During Severe Geomagnetic Storms on September 7–8 2017 Using the GNSS, SWARM and TIE‐GCM Techniques

Zhao

Hé

et al. 2022

JGR Space Physics

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Geomagnetic storms on 7–8 September 2017 triggered severe ionospheric disturbances that had a serious effect on satellite navigation and radio communication. Multiple observations derived from Global Navigation Satellite System receivers, Earth's Magnetic Field and Environment Explorers (SWARM) and the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere ‐Electrodynamics General Circulation Model's simulations are utilized to investigate the spatial‐temporal ionospheric behaviors under storm conditions. The results indicate that the electron density in the Asia‐Australia, Europe‐Africa and America sectors suddenly changed with the Bz southward excursion, and the ionosphere over low‐middle latitudes under the sunlit hemisphere is easily affected by the disturbed magnetic field. The SWARM observations verified the remarkable double‐peak structure of plasma enhancements over the equator and middle latitudes. The physical mechanism of low‐middle plasma disturbances can be explained by a combination effect of equatorial electrojets, vertical E × B drifts, meridional wind and thermospheric O/N2 change. Besides, the severe storms triggered strong Polar plasma disturbances on both dayside and nightside hemispheres, and the Polar disturbances had a latitudinal excursion associated with the offset of geomagnetic field. Remarkable plasma enhancements at the altitudes of 100–160 km were also observed in the auroral zone and middle latitudes (>47.5°N/S). The topside polar ionospheric plasma enhancements were dominated by the O+ ions. Furthermore, the TIE‐GCM's simulations indicate that the enhanced vertical E × B drifts, cross polar cap potential and Joule heating play an important role in generating the topside plasma perturbations.

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Large-Scale Ionospheric Irregularities Detected by Ionosonde and GNSS Receiver Network

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Ionosonde Observations of Spread F and Spread Es at Low and Middle Latitudes during the Recovery Phase of the 7–9 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm

Ionosonde Observations of Spread F and Spread Es at Low and Middle Latitudes during the Recovery Phase of the 7–9 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm

Ionospheric Behavior of foF2 over Chinese EIA Region and Its Comparison with IRI-2016

Spatial‐Temporal Behaviors of Large‐Scale Ionospheric Perturbations During Severe Geomagnetic Storms on September 7–8 2017 Using the GNSS, SWARM and TIE‐GCM Techniques

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