Large-scale sediment underplating in the Makran accretionary prism, southwest Pakistan

Platt, J. P.; Leggett, Jeremy; Young, Jeremy R.; Raza, Hilal A.; Alam, Shaji

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<507:lsuitm>2.0.co;2

Cited by 187 publications

(111 citation statements)

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“…[278] distinguish two types of wedges: type 1 wedges where substantial accretion leads to wedges that may attain a width of hundreds of kilometers, and type 2 wedges where little or no accretion is accomplished. In type 1 wedges, roughly 1/3 of the incoming sediment is accreted [278,279]. Accretion may occur at the prism front as frontal accretion or at the base of the wedge by basal accretion, respectively underthrusting and underplating.…”

Section: Makran Accretionary Wedge Of Iran / Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Pfiffner¹

2017

Preprint

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This paper gives an overview of the large-scale tectonic styles encountered in orogens worldwide. Thin-skinned and thick-skinned tectonics represents two end member styles recognized in mountain ranges. A thick-skinned tectonic style is typical for margins of continental plates. Thick-skinned style including the entire crust and possibly the lithospheric mantle are associated with intracontinental contraction. Delamination of subducting continental crust and horizontal protrusion of upper plate crust into the opening gap occurs in the terminal stage of continent-continent collision. Continental crust thinned prior to contraction is likely to develop relatively thin thrust sheets of crystalline basement. A true thin-skinned type requires a detachment layer of sufficient thickness. Thickness of the décollement layer as well as the mechanical contrast between décollement layer and detached cover control the style of folding and thrusting within the detached cover units. In subduction related orogens, thin-and thick-skinned deformation may occur several hundreds of kilometers from the plate contact zone. Basin inversion resulting from horizontal contraction may lead to the formation of basement uplifts by the combined reactivation of pre-existing normal faults and initiation of new reverse faults. In composite orogens thick-skinned and thin-skinned structures evolve with a pattern where nappe stacking propagates outward and downward.

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Section: Makran Accretionary Wedge Of Iran / Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…cit.). According to [279] and [286] part of the subducted sediment is accreted to the wedge by underplating farther inboard, and only the lowermost sediments are subducted (see Figure 32).…”

Section: Makran Accretionary Wedge Of Iran / Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Pfiffner¹

2017

Preprint

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“…These include a wedge model (e.g., Dahlen and Barr, 1989;Barr and Dahlen, 1989;Barr et al, 1991), a thrust model (Hwang and Wang, 1993), and an underplating model (e.g., Platt, 1987;Platt et al, 1985). In the former two models, all of the relevant activity takes place above the decollement.…”

Section: Implications For Geodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Continents Collide: Geodynamics and Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks

Hacker¹,

Liou²

1998

Petrology and Structural Geology

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Abstract. The evolution of the Taiwan orogeny is often described in terms of deformation of rocks above a shallow decollement, either in a continuously deforming wedge or a discretely deforming stack of thrust sheets. Recently acquired evidence from seismic tomography, earthquake locations and focal mechanisms, GPS geodesy, leveling, and exhumed shear zones suggest that such models are inadequate. We propose that these observations are better explained by a model of continental subduction followed by crustal exhumation. In the context of this model, the Eastern Central Range is the locus of active crustal exhumation. Simple thermal modeling shows that the observed seismicity patterns across Taiwan and the high heat flow in the Eastern Central Range are well explained by this crustal exhumation model.

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“…Platt et al (1985) used a combination of field relations, seismic reflection data, and mass-balance calculations to interpret large-scale underplating in the Makran accretionary complex of Pakistan. Their mass-balance calculations showed that with only frontal accretion of sediments since the middle Miocene, 70% postaccretion shortening would be required to account for the present prism width of 180 km.…”

Section: Background Materials Mass Balance In the Accretionary Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%