Large-scale synthesis of ITO nanoparticles in an alcohol system assisted by acids

Abstract

Large quantities of water-based ITO nanoparticles with a size of 5 nm were prepared in a 2-octanol–HCl/CH3COOH system at atmospheric pressure.

Towards a designed synthesis of metallic nanoparticles in polyols – elucidation of the redox scheme in a cobalt–ethylene glycol system

“…17-21 Furthermore, capitalizing on the solvent and surfactant properties of polyalcohol, the syntheses of various metal oxides with enhanced physical properties have also been demonstrated. [22][23][24][25] In the context of the synthesis of metals and alloy nanoparticles, the polyol process possesses many excellent features compared to other non-aqueous techniques such as thermal decomposition, etc. and can be considered as a practical solution to nanomaterial synthesis.…”

Water-Dispersible Small Monodisperse Electrically Conducting Antimony Doped Tin Oxide Nanoparticles

“…Furthermore, the TCO nanoparticles gain importance as building blocks for the assembly of porous electrode architectures. − Due to their practical relevance, nanoparticles of different TCO materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony doped tin oxide (ATO), and aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) are already available commercially . Furthermore, TCO nanoparticles have been synthesized by various methods such as coprecipitation, − hydrothermal, − solvothermal, ,− sol–gel , and microwave assisted synthesis, , thermal decomposition, , hot injection, combustion, , and DC arc plasma jet synthesis . Still, in spite of the numerous efforts, it is synthetically challenging to obtain TCO nanoparticles combining all the required properties such as sufficiently high electrical conductivity, crystallinity, desirable particle size, narrow particle size distribution, and good dispersibility in suitable solvents.…”

Plasma-assisted electrolytic synthesis of In(OH)3 nanocubes for thermal transformation into In2O3 nanocubes with a controllable Sn content

“…[44][45][46] Differently from the high Sn content and electrical conductivity in the ITO thin lms, the doping-level of Sn atoms and the resultant electrical properties in the ITO nanoparticles have been limited by the low Sn solubility, inhomogeneous distribution of Sn dopants in the In 2 O 3 matrix, and charge scattering at the grain boundaries between the ITO nanoparticles. [7][8][9]39,41,45,47 As a result, the relatively higher electrical conductivity and the Sn content of the ITO nanoparticles synthesized in this work compared to those of conventional wet-chemical approaches could indicate a larger Sn solubility and a homogenous distribution of Sn dopants were attained in our plasma-assisted electrolysis process.…”

“…A number of wet-chemical routes including microwave-assisted synthesis in ionic liquids, co-precipitation, sol-gel, solvothermal and hydrothermal processes have been used to prepare high-quality ITO nanoparticles. 4,[7][8][9][10][11] The optical transparency and electrical properties of ITO lms are reported to depend on the densication and purity of ITO targets originating from the sizes, morphologies, atomic arrangements of metal cations, and intrinsic and introduced defects in ITO nanoparticles. 1,12,13 As an effective route to control the morphologies and compositions of ITO nanostructures, indium hydroxide (In(OH) 3 ) nanostructures prepared through wet-chemical methods have been thermally transformed into ITO nanostructures with controllable dimensions and compositions.…”