Lignin-based functional material has become an important way to realize the high-value utilization of lignin. However, the unstable performance limited its practical application, resulting from the inherent heterogeneity and uncertain extraction process of lignin. Here, a coupling process of the preparation of lignin-based silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and carbohydrate refining was presented to realize the facile and stable preparation of AgNPs from lignocellulose, of which γ-Valerolactone (GVL)/H 2 O was used both as the extraction solvent of lignin and the catalyst for AgNPs synthesis in Ag 2 O/lignin system. The reaction rules and behaviors of AgNPs were systematically studied. Meanwhile, the separation rate of hemicellulose could exceed 90 % and a high-purity cellulose of 95.12 % was obtained. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of residual cellulose from corncob was close to 71 %. The reliability of different biomass sources was also verified. This work provided a potential solution for improving the economic benefits of lignocellulose refining.