Larval development and consumption of soybean foliage by the velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in the laboratory /

Reid, Jana

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.103664

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Ear samples were collected from Rows 3 and 8 beginning approximately 3 wk after pollination (brown silk). Data for corn earworm damage (Wiatrak et al, 2004) in the corn ears were collected based on a procedure described by Reid (1975) Corn for grain yield determination (Wiatrak et al, 2004) was harvested from Rows 6 and 7 when grain moisture was below 250 g kg −1 using a modified grain combine, which occurred from late July to late September (Table 1). Tropical hybrids, due to later maturity, were harvested about 3 wk later in 1998 and 1999 and 2 wk later in 2000 than nontropical hybrids.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Planting Date on Aflatoxin Accumulation in Bt, non‐Bt, and Tropical non‐Bt Hybrids

et al. 2005

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favorable A. flavus habitat through injury associated with feeding. Aflatoxin, produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus Link, reduces The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) the value of corn (Zea mays L.) and is usually associated with high and the corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea Boddie) are temperatures, water stress, and insect damage. The objective of this the most destructive insect pests of field corn in the study was to determine if Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn hybrids or southeastern USA (Wiseman et al., 1974). Lepidoptera "tropical" germplasm could reduce aflatoxin accumulation with later planting dates. Aflatoxin accumulation (B 1 , B 2 , G 1 , and G 2 ) in corn infestations of ears have been linked to increased congrain was evaluated on Bt, non-Bt, and tropical non-Bt hybrids and tamination of aflatoxin (Smith and Riley, 1992) due to four planting dates (March, April, May, and June) from 1998 to 2000. insect damage (McMillian, 1983). If insects are con-Aflatoxin concentration in corn varied across years but generally trolled, mature late plantings are still susceptible to plant decreased with later planting date. In 1998, aflatoxin accumulation pathogens, and Bt varieties will still experience low was lower in Bt (314 ng g Ϫ1 ) than non-Bt hybrids (634 ng g Ϫ1 ) but yields if pathogens like mycotoxin-producing organisms not different than tropical non-Bt hybrid (470 ng g Ϫ1 ). However, (A. flavus and A. parasiticus) are not adequately conaflatoxin contamination was lower from Bt hybrids (70 ng g Ϫ1 ) thantrolled. However, insects that could be A. flavus vectors from the tropical non-Bt hybrid (259 ng g Ϫ1 ) but not different in nondo not necessarily have to be pests that cause damage Bt hybrids (86 ng g Ϫ1 ) in 1999. In 2000, aflatoxin levels were low, and (McMillian, 1983).hybrid had no effect on aflatoxin concentration. Temperature and A linear accumulation of aflatoxin occurs at least irrigation effects on aflatoxin accumulation were not consistent. In-40 d beyond inoculation (Widstrom, 1988). Smart et al.creased temperature and delayed harvest may lead to aflatoxin accumulation before harvest. However, precipitation may influence afla- (1990) and Payne et al. (1988a) found that aflatoxin toxin levels in some years. The results of this study indicate that contamination of undamaged kernels started late in the aflatoxin accumulation in corn may be decreased with later planting season when the plants were at or near physiological date, and less accumulation in Bt than non-Bt or tropical non-Bt maturity. After examination of temperature on Asperhybrids may be indirectly explained by insect reductions. gillus infection of silk-inoculated corn, Payne et al. (1988b) found that with day/night regime of 34/30ЊC and 34/22ЊC, 28 and 7% of kernels were infected, respec-

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Planting Date on Aflatoxin Accumulation in Bt, non‐Bt, and Tropical non‐Bt Hybrids

et al. 2005

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show abstract

“…Species and stages of larvae present and feeding were identified. Data are reported based on a Relative Larval Consumption Index (referred to as defoliation for fall armyworms and damage for earworms in this paper) based on information provided by Reid (1975) However, the earworm damage for tropical corn was not recorded in 1998 and 1999.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%