Larval Food Supply Constrains Female Reproductive Schedules in<i>Hippodamia convergens</i>(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Vargas, Germán; Michaud, J.P.; Nechols, James R.

doi:10.1603/an12010

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Females of the two predators that were offered E. kuehniella eggs expressed a much lower daily and total fecundity compared with females fed natural prey. The lower fresh body weight on the moth egg diet and the higher reproductive output on aphid and psyllid diets might be due to increased prey consumption on the natural prey, leading to better conversion of food into eggs (Dixon & Agarwala, 2002;Honěk et al, 2008;Vargas et al, 2012) and vice versa with less suitable diet (i.e. eggs of E. kuehniella).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diet on development and reproductive fitness of two predatory coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Mirhosseini¹,

Hosseini²,

Jalali³

2015

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Studies of prey suitability are needed to develop efficient mass rearing programs for generalist predators and to understand their potential contribution to integrated pest management. A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the development and reproductive success of two predatory coccinellids, Oenopia conglobata (L.) and Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius), reared on diets of the common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt & Lauterer, the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) or a reference diet of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller eggs. Development and reproductive performance of the two coccinellids varied with diet, but egg fertility and immature survival did not. The developmental period (egg-adult) was shortest for both species on A. gossypii. This prey also yielded the shortest preoviposition period and greatest fecundity for C. sexmaculata. The psyllid diet was superior for reproduction in O. conglobata. For both predators, eggs of E. kuehniella were a better diet for development than for reproduction. Life table data indicated that the arboreal O. conglobata was better adapted to A. pistaciae on pistachio trees and might be a more effective biocontrol agent for this pest, despite the fact that C. sexmaculata had a higher intrinsic rate of increase on all diets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diet on development and reproductive fitness of two predatory coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Mirhosseini¹,

Hosseini²,

Jalali³

2015

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…Generally, the adult body size is inversely correlated with developmental time in coccinellids, i.e., faster development is generally associated with a larger size at emergence (Honek, 1996;Michaud, 2005;Vargas et al, 2012b), and this holds true for H. axyridis also, at least when food sources vary in suitability for larval development (e.g., Michaud, 2000;Wolf et al, 2018). However, the present results suggest that a trade-off between body size and developmental time can emerge at the individual level; either slower embryonic and pupal development is required when parental effects cue growth to a larger adult weight or they reflect pleiotropic effects of epigenetic signals unrelated to weight gain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The parental effects of body size on developmental phenotype in Harmonia axyridis

Michaud

Bayoumy

Perumal

et al. 2020

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Body size is a trait with many potential impacts on fitness. Adult body size can affect the strength of condition-dependent parental effects that determine offspring phenotypes, with potentially important transgenerational consequences. In a preliminary experiment, larval food deprivation (30 min daily access) created Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) females that weighed <50% of controls reared on ad libitum food (eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller). Although only 1/3 of larvae survived to adulthood in the 30 min treatment, adult pairs produced eggs that were not significantly different in size from those of pairs fed ad libitum as larvae. Less extreme larval food deprivation (4 h daily access) was used to create a cohort of H. axyridis that weighed <60% of controls reared on ad libitum food. Small couples had lower 20-day fecundities and reduced egg fertility relative to large couples. Both egg and pupal periods were shortest when both parents were small, and longest when both parents were large, with reciprocal crosses intermediate. There were no consistent effects of parental body size on larval development time, but the progeny of small females mated to large males pupated later than other treatments. Progeny of large pairs had the heaviest adult weights at emergence, and progeny of small pairs, the lightest, with the progeny of reciprocal crosses intermediate. Small females produced the lightest female offspring, whereas small males sired the lightest male offspring, suggesting stronger responses to epigenetic signals from parents of the same sex. These results indicate that H. axyridis cohorts maturing with abundant food will produce progeny with larger potential body size and fitness, whereas those experiencing food limitation will confer size and fitness limitations to the subsequent generation, with potentially important implications for short-term population dynamics.

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“…The present data suggest that the paternal effects of non-sib males tend to accelerate progeny development relative to those of sibling males. However, maternal effects in this species follow an age-specific schedule in which progeny of later clutches develop faster than those of earlier ones to cope with predictable changes in prey availability (Vargas et al, 2012a). Because female remating results in progressive dilution of paternity, males should discount future female reproduction relative to current, raising the potential for sexual conflict over progeny phenotype mediated by these epigenetic mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until recently, the more indirect benefits of polyandry were often ignored as inconsequential if direct benefits were evident (Tuni et al, 2013). However, it is possible that polyandry also has epigenetic consequences for offspring phenotype development, which could be mediated by maternal effects (Fox & Mousseau, 1998;Marshall et al, 2008;Shea et al, 2011;Vargas et al, 2012aVargas et al, ,2012b. Paternal effects are also recognised, especially in insects (Hunt & Simmons, 2000;Bonduriansky & Head, 2007;Michaud et al, 2013;Mirhosseini et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyandry restores female fertility and paternal effects diminished by inbreeding in Hippodamia convergens

Bayoumy

Michaud

Bain

2015

Ecological Entomology

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1. The fertility restoration hypothesis posits that polyandry can evolve when female fertility is reduced by matings with related males, but restored by matings with unrelated ones.2. Using a promiscuous ladybird, this hypothesis was tested by mating mature, virgin females twice with sib and non-sib males in all four permutations and observing female fertility. The development of progeny from the first and 10th clutches was also followed to test for differences in paternal effects.3. Mating treatment did not affect fecundity, but egg viability was reduced by sib matings, and restored by non-sib matings, regardless of mating sequence. In addition, negative paternal effects of sib matings on progeny (lower survival) were compensated by non-sib matings.4. The survival of offspring in first clutches was sensitive to the paternal mating sequence and was higher if a sibling male was preceded by a non-sib male, compared with the reverse, consistent with a time lag in response to male epigenetic signals. Offspring survival did not differ between these two treatments in the 10th clutch, suggesting a blending of paternal effects over time.5. The results are indicative of interactions between the paternal effects contributed by different males, and between paternal and maternal effects, the latter causing faster development in later clutches.6. Thus, the reproductive benefits of polyandry for H. convergens females are potentially both genetic and epigenetic, as both egg fertility and beneficial paternal effects were diminished by sib matings, but restored by matings with unrelated males.

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Larval Food Supply Constrains Female Reproductive Schedules inHippodamia convergens(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Cited by 27 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of diet on development and reproductive fitness of two predatory coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Effects of diet on development and reproductive fitness of two predatory coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

The parental effects of body size on developmental phenotype in Harmonia axyridis

Polyandry restores female fertility and paternal effects diminished by inbreeding in Hippodamia convergens

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