Larval zebrafish turn off their photoreceptors at night

Emran, Farida; Dowling, John E.

doi:10.4161/cib.3.5.12158

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Larval vision is largely dominated by cones, while rod function starts to impact vision only at later stages starting at around 15 dpf (Bilotta et al, 2001). Intriguingly, zebrafish larvae turn off their visual system at night, as evidenced by loss of visual responsiveness, a near absence of electrical responses to light and the disassembly of presynaptic structures used in neurotransmitter release during the subjective night (Emran and Dowling, 2010; Emran et al, 2010). …”

Section: The Neural Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

The visual system of zebrafish and its use to model human ocular Diseases

Gestri

Link

Neuhauss

2012

Developmental Neurobiology

165

153

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Free swimming zebrafish larvae depend mainly on their sense of vision to evade predation and to catch prey. Hence there is strong selective pressure on the fast maturation of visual function and indeed the visual system already supports a number of visually-driven behaviors in the newly hatched larvae. The ability to exploit the genetic and embryonic accessibility of the zebrafish in combination with a behavioral assessment of visual system function has made the zebrafish a popular model to study vision and its diseases. Here, we review the anatomy, physiology and development of the zebrafish eye as the basis to relate the contributions of the zebrafish to our understanding of human ocular diseases.

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Section: The Neural Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

The visual system of zebrafish and its use to model human ocular Diseases

Gestri

Link

Neuhauss

2012

Developmental Neurobiology

165

153

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“…The eye of most of vertebrates is rhythmically exposed to sunlight, and that of some domestic animals and humans also to artificial lighting. It is now well established that light stimulation is essential for the functional maturation of the vertebrate retina as well as its maintenance during adulthood (for a review, see Emran et al,2010; Tian,2004; Xu and Tian,2004). On the other hand, the retina is highly susceptible to damage by photomechanical, photothermal, or photochemical mechanisms after continuous exposure light (Mainster and Turner, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BDNF is localized in zebrafish photoreceptors (Germanà et al,2010b; present results) and darkness serves as a stimulus for these cells. Probably, the reduction in the BDNF/TrkB retinal system is related to the turn‐off of the visual system observed on larval at night when they are not active (Emran and Dowling,2010; Emran et al,2010). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functional maturation of the vertebrate retina depends on light stimulation, and the retinal circuits that process increments and decrements of luminescence as well (for a review, see Emran et al,2010; Tian,2004; Xu and Tian,2004). It is now well known that among the molecular mechanisms underlining development, differentiation, and maturation of the different retinal cell populations, as well as the synaptogenesis and maintenance of the retinal neuronal circuits, are growth factors, including members of the family of the neurotrophins (NTs; Lewin and Barde,1996; see Imai et al,2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AASLD public policy statement should be evidence-based

Kuffner¹,

Baggish²

2008

Hepatology

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We appreciate Dr. Fujita's valuable input regarding an animal model of chronic endotoxemia and the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in liver disease. Cani and colleagues recently reported that a high-fat diet increases plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level. 1 Chronic infusion of LPS in mice fed a normal diet causes a metabolic response similar to high-fat feeding, including obesity, insulin resistance, and increased liver triglyceride content. In this sense, the high-fat diet mouse model that we use represents a model of chronic endotoxemia. Our acute exogenous LPS experiments merely reflect an exacerbated inflammatory status that helped us to determine the role of Tregs in modulation of hepatic inflammation under a fatty liver condition. 2 Tregs express several members of Toll-like receptors (TLR AASLD Public Policy Statement Should Be Evidence-BasedTo the Editor:The October 2007 issue of HEPATOLOGY contained the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) Public Policy statement regarding acetaminophen safety. 1 As the manufacturer of the Tylenol brand of consumer products, McNeil continually strives to collect and evaluate all available data that pertain to acetaminophen safety. However, we have been unable to locate data that would substantiate the following 3 statements made in this position paper:(1) The AASLD position paper states as "fact" on p. 969 that 10% of acute liver failure cases result from therapeutic doses of acetaminophen, which contradicts the statement on p. 967 that the percent is "uncertain" but that it "probably represents 10%". We are unaware of data that support this position statement.(2) The AASLD position paper states that warfarin causes "severe or even fatal liver injury" when combined with acetaminophen. We are unaware of data that support this position statement.(3) The AASLD position paper states that "most hepatologists might dispute" that acetaminophen is the safest over-the-counter analgesic choice. We are unaware of data that support this position statement.We fully understand that editorial articles in scientific journals often do not cite references for all statements and that it is acceptable in editorials to propose opinions and theories that may not necessarily be based on data. The aforementioned article, however, is presented not as an opinion piece, but as the official policy position of the AASLD. We therefore assume that the AASLD possesses the data necessary to support the 3 statements noted above and would be willing to share these data.We therefore respectfully request that the AASLD share the published or unpublished data that support these 3 statements.

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“…One possible function for phosphoinositide signaling is in the diurnal regulation of ribbon length. These phenomena are well-documented in many fish species and may be an energy-conserving mechanism that decreases visual sensitivity at night [29, 30]. Studies in carp retina showed that PI metabolism was activated in photoreceptor synapses during dark adaptation and treatment of retinas with IP3 induced a decrease in the number of synaptic ribbons [31].…”

Section: Phosphoinositides At the Photoreceptor Synapsementioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphoinositides and Photoreceptors

Brockerhoff

2011

Mol Neurobiol

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The importance of phosphoinositides (phosphorylated phosphatidyl inositol derivatives, PIs) for normal cellular function cannot be overstated. Although they represent a small fraction of the total phospholipid within the cell, they are essential regulators of many cellular functions. They direct membrane trafficking by functioning as recruitment factors for vesicular trafficking components, they can modulate ion channel activity through direct binding within cellular membranes, and their hydrolysis generates second messenger signaling molecules. Despite an explosion of information regarding the importance of these lipids in cellular biology, their precise roles in vertebrate retinal photoreceptors has not been established. This review summarizes the literature on potential roles for different phosphoinositides and their regulators in vertebrate rods and cones. A brief description of the importance of PI signaling in other photosensitive cells is also presented. The highly specialized functions of the vertebrate photoreceptor, combined with the established importance of phosphoinositides, promise significant future discoveries in this field.

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Larval zebrafish turn off their photoreceptors at night

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

The visual system of zebrafish and its use to model human ocular Diseases

The visual system of zebrafish and its use to model human ocular Diseases

AASLD public policy statement should be evidence-based

Phosphoinositides and Photoreceptors

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