Larvicidal Activity of Brusatol Isolated from Brucea javanica (L) Merr on Culex quinquefasciatus

Abstract

Background: Vector control is still emphasized on the using of chemical insecticide which can cause death of non-target organisms, pollution and vector resistance. Therefore, natural insecticides/larvicides are an alternative to using chemical insecticides to control the mosquito vector.
 Methods: Brusatol was isolated from the seeds of Makassar Fruit (Brucea javanica L. Merr). Culex quinquefasciatus larvae were divided into 3 groups, i.e. 6 testing groups and one negative and positive control group. In the negative control group, the larvae were treated with 100 ml aquadest and positive control was treated with temephos 1 ppm. After 24 hours, dead larvae were calculated and the percentage of death was determined. The dead larvae were then examined for morphological changes using a light microscope.
 Results: The higher of the concentration level of brusatol, the higher number of the death of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae (P<0.05). The value of brusatol Lethal Concentration 50 to larvae Cx. quinquefasciatus was 0.010 ± 0.122 and value of brusatol Lethal Concentration 90 to larvae Cx. quinquefasciatus was 0.654 ± 0.081 ppm. The higher the concentration of brusatol, the morphological damage of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae was getting worse and widespread to cause damage to the digestive tract and cuticle.
 Conclusion: Brusatol isolated from the seed of B. javanica (L) Merr have larvicidal activity to the Cx. quinquefasciatus which is potential to be natural larvicide.

Larvicidal Effect of Vitex ovata Thunb. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) Leaf Extract towards Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…The highest mortality of 68% achieved in this study was considered less effective. A larvicide is said to be effective if the mortality of larvae reaches at least 90% within 24 h [16]. Several authors have developed criteria to characterize mosquito larvicide potency for essential oils derived from plants, generally considered products with LC 50 < 100 mg/L as exhibiting a significant larvicidal effect [17][18][19][20][21].…”

The Assessment of Morphometric Variation of Aedes aegypti Larvae with the Seasonal Environment Temperature Inversion in Selected Areas of Lahore, Pakistan

“…After mounting with Hoyer's medium for morphometric parameters assessment, the dead larvae were scrutinized. The head length, head width, thoracic length, thoracic width, abdominal length, abdominal width, and total length of larvae were determined with the aid of a stereomicroscope (BOECO BST-606, Germany) and method described by (Gunathilaka et al, 2019;Sutiningsih et al, 2019).…”