Larvicidal activity of Saraca indica, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, and Clitoria ternatea extracts against three mosquito vector species

Abstract

Screening of natural products for mosquito larvicidal activity against three major mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles stephensi resulted in the identification of three potential plant extracts viz., Saraca indica/asoca, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, and Clitoria ternatea for mosquito larval control. In the case of S. indica/asoca, the petroleum ether extract of the leaves and the chloroform extract of the bark were effective against the larvae of C. quinquefasciatus with respective LC(50) values 228.9 and 291.5 ppm. The LC(50) values of chloroform extract of N. arbor-tristis leaves were 303.2, 518.2, and 420.2 ppm against A. aegypti, A. stephensi, and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The methanol and chloroform extracts of flowers of N. arbor-tristis showed larvicidal activity against larvae of A. stephensi with the respective LC(50) values of 244.4 and 747.7 ppm. Among the methanol extracts of C. ternatea leaves, roots, flowers, and seeds, the seed extract was effective against the larvae of all the three species with LC(50) values 65.2, 154.5, and 54.4 ppm, respectively, for A. stephensi, A. aegypti, and C. quinquefasciatus. Among the three plant species studied for mosquito larvicidal activity, C. ternatea was showing the most promising mosquito larvicidal activity. The phytochemical analysis of the promising methanolic extract of the seed extract was positive for carbohydrates, saponins, terpenoids, tannins, and proteins. In conclusion, bioassay-guided fractionation of effective extracts may result in identification of a useful molecule for the control of mosquito vectors.

Pupicidal and repellent activities of Pogostemon cablin essential oil chemical compounds against medically important human vector mosquitoes

“…The phytochemicals derived from plant sources possess a complex of chemicals with unique biological activity. The phytochemicals derived from plant resources can act as larvicides, insect growth regulators, repellents, and ovipositional attractants, having deterrent activities observed by different researchers [7,8,9,10,11,12] . The use of scientifically proven non-chemical methods and limited use of drug is being considered as safety to environment and human health [13,14] .…”

Chemical Composition and Mosquitocidal Activity of n-Hexane and Methanolic Extracts from Euphorbia anacampseros var. tmolea: An Endemic Species of Turkey against Aedes aegypti

“…This warrants the need for the development of new strategies for selective control of mosquito populations. Plants are a good source of alternative agents for control of mosquitoes [13,14] because they are rich in bioactive chemicals which are biodegradable. The Euphorbia genus is known to contain a wide variety of terpenoids, ranging from mono-, sesqui-and diterpenes to triterpenoids, flavonoids and steroids known for their toxicity or potential therapeutic activity [15].…”

Pharmacognostical studies on Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd. flower

“…Seeds are used for treating bone fractures and vesical calculi (Warrier et al 1997). Pharmacologically the plant have been reported to possess, antibacterial (Acharyya et al 2009), analgesic (Verma et al 2010, Mohod et al 2014, anticancer (Kaur & Misra 1980, Ghosh et al 1999, Cibin et al 2012), antiulcer (Maruthappan et al 2010, oxytocic (Satyavati et al 1970), anti-inflammatory (Shelar et al 2010), anthelmintic (Sarojini et al 2011) and larvicidal activity (Mathew et al 2009). Reported phytoconstituents from S. asoca bark are catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B2, leucocyanidin and epiafzelechin-(4β￫8)-epicatechin.…”