Larvicidal and repellent potential of Ageratum houstonianum against Culex pipiens

Abstract

Mosquitoes are unquestionably the most medic arthropod vectors of disease. Culex pipiens, usually defined as a common house mosquito, is a well-known carrier of several virus diseases. Crude ethanol extracts of different organs of Agratum houstonianum are tested with Culex pipiens Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae) to determine their larvicidal, antifeedant, and repellency effects. Alongside biochemical analysis, the activity of the AChE, ATPase, CarE, and CYP-450 is detected in the total hemolymph of the C. pipiens larvae to examine the enzymatic action on the way to explain their neurotoxic effect and mode of action. Through HPLC and GC–MS analysis of the phytochemical profile of A. houstonianum aerial parts is identified. The larvicidal activity of aerial parts; flower (AF), leaf (AL), and stem (AS) of A. houstonianum extracts are evaluated against the 3rd instar larvae of C. pipiens at 24-, 48- and 72-post-treatment. A. houstonianium AF, AL, and AS extracts influenced the mortality of larvae with LC50 values 259.79, 266.85, and 306.86 ppm, respectively after 24 h of application. The potency of AF and AL extracts was 1.69- and 1.25-folds than that of AS extract, respectively. A high repellency percentage was obtained by AF extract 89.10% at a dose of 3.60 mg/cm2. A. houstonianium AF prevailed inhibition on acetylcholinesterase and decrease in carboxylesterase activity. Moreover, a significant increase in the ATPase levels and a decrease in cytochrome P-450 monooxegenase activity (− 36.60%) are detected. HPLC analysis prevailed chlorogenic and rosmarinic acid as the major phenolic acids in AL and AF, respectively. GC–MS analysis of A. houstonianum results in the identification of phytol as the major makeup. Precocene I and II were detected in AF. Linoleic, linolenic, and oleic acid were detected in comparable amounts in the studied organs. Overall, results suggest that the A. houstonianum flower extract (AF) exhibits significant repellent, antifeedant, and larvicidal activities.

Chemical composition of four essential oils and their adulticidal, repellence, and field oviposition deterrence activities against Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…The unfed females were counted. Each treatment was repeated three times and the mean repellent activity value was determined (El-Sheikh et al 2016 ; El Hadidy et al 2022 ). The repellency was recorded and analyzed according to the Abbott formula, (Abbott 1925 ):…”

Anti‐Culex pipiens activity of different pomegranate cultivars and determination of their bioactive compounds using LC‐MS profiling

“…Adults were reared in wooden cages and they were fed everyday with 10% sucrose solution. For toxicological studies, the early third instar larvae were used 24 …”

Larvicidal, Ovicidal, and Repellent Activities of Leucas stachydiformis (Hochst. ex Benth.) Briq Essential Oil against Anopheles arabiensis

“…Repellent properties of the essential oil of L. stachydiformis may be associated with the presence of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenes [55]. Te major constituents of the oil, i.e., caryophyllene oxide and germacrene D have been reported to have strong repellent activities [44,56].…”