Larvicidal potential of Thuja orientalis leaves and fruits extracts against Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

Evaluation of four ornamental plant extracts as insecticidal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant against the West Nile vector, Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) and metabolomics screening for potential therapeutics

“…Our data showed the most effective plant extracts against mosquito larvae were P. orientalis and L. camara, followed by B. glabra and D. regia. Our data agreed with Bosly's findings [53], who studied the effectiveness of Thuja orientalis leaf and fruit extracts against Cx. pipiens larvae and found that all plant extracts killed all of the larvae (100% mortality), except for the plant hexane extract, which killed only 98% of the larvae.…”

“…pipiens than aqueous extracts. This is in line with the study of Bosly [53], who seemed to rank the leaf extracts in order of their toxicity to mosquito larvae as follows: acetone > methanol > aqueous > hexane. It was mentioned that the activities of the plant extracts against mosquito species depend on the solvent used in extracting the phytochemicals responsible for the responses [108,109].…”

“…Due to the presence of Thuja essential oils, coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, and proanthocyanidins, the chemical components of T. occidentalis have attracted study attention for many years. Its pharmacology includes antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, gastrointestinal protective, anti-inflammatory, radioprotective, antipyretic, and lipid-metabolizing activities [53,68,86]. The discovery that Bougainvillea leaf extracts had antiviral activities resulted in the extraction and characterization of bouganin, a protein with traits common to type 1 ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) [26].…”