Laryngeal dysplasia: Oncological outcomes in a large cohort of patients treated in a tertiary comprehensive cancer centre

Recurrence and malignant transformation of laryngeal leukoplakia treated with CO2 laser: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Similarly, the pooled malignant transformation rates estimated from the random-effects model was 3% [95% CI: 1%-6%] (Figure 6), and the mean time to malignant transformation was 39 months. 12,13,15,16,19 3 | DISCUSSION Widely varying rates of recurrence and malignant transformation of LL have been reported in different studies. To determine the rates of recurrence or malignant transformation of LL after CO 2 laser surgery and to explore relevant risk factors, we performed a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.…”

“…Fourteen studies were included in the analysis, with 10 identifying risk factors associated with LL recurrence or malignant transformation, including GERD, alcohol abuse, lesion size, bilateral lesions, supraglottic involvement, multifocality, and recurrence history. 5,7,12,13,16,[20][21][22][23][24] Firstly, two studies have consistently reported GERD and alcohol abuse are factors significantly associated with postoperative recurrence or malignant transformation. 5,13 Yang et al 5 argued that alcohol consumption contributes to GERD, thus making it indirectly responsible for the recurrence, whereas gastric contents from GERD may be the actual substance that plays a role in postoperative recurrence of LL.…”

“…23,24 All studies were published between 1984 and 2021, including 3 published before 2010 13,15,17 and 11 published after 2010. 5,7,12,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The total sample size of the enrolled studies was 1462 patients with LL, and individual study sample sizes ranged from 11 to 326. 7,19 Ten studies evaluated the recurrence and malignancy rates, 5,12,13,15,[17][18][19][21][22][23] three studies evaluated only the recurrence rate, 7,20,24 and one study evaluated only the malignant transformation rate.…”

“…The risk of bias assessment for the 14 included studies is summarised in Figure 2 and Table 2. Five studies were rated as "Good," 13,16,23,24 eight studies were rated as "Fair," 5,7,12,15,[19][20][21][22] and two studies were rated as "Poor." 17,18 Some items were difficult to assess due to the study's unclear reporting of original studies, inconsistent writing formats, incomplete relevant information, and non-response from literature authors.…”

“…23,24 The studies reported three surgery types based on the depth of excision: type I (subepithelial cordectomy), type II (subligamental cordectomy), and type III (transmuscular cordectomy). 5,15,16,18,21,23,24 The available data are insufficient for subgroup analysis to evaluate whether these surgical techniques affect recurrence or malignant transformation of LL.…”