Laryngeal paralysis‐polyneuropathy complex in young related Pyrenean mountain dogs

Gabriel, A.; Poncelet, Luc; Ham, Luc Van; Clercx, Cécile; Braund, K. G.; Bhatti, Sofie; Detilleux, Johann; Peeters, Dominique

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00058.x

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) testing is valuable in the detection of neuromuscular diseases: inherited and acquired polyneuropathies (Shelton et al 2003;Gabriel et al 2006;Vanhaesebrouck et al 2008), general weakness (Jeffery et al 2006), botulism (Uriarte et al 2010), neuromuscular junction disorders (Meriggioli and Sanders 2005), polyradiculoneuritis (Hirschvogel et al 2012), cauda equina syndrome (Sekiguchi et al 2008), or peripheral nerves tumours (Le Chevoir 2012). Conduction velocity is defined as the speed at which an action potential propagates along a nerve.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electroneurography of the ulnar nerve in dogs

et al. 2014

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Electroneurography as one of the electrodiagnostic techniques is used to measure the speed of action potential which is propagated down the nerve after stimulation. It gives information about normal functioning of the peripheral nerves. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of a new electroneurographic technique by performing motor nerve conduction velocity measurements in the ulnar nerve with surface stimulating electrodes in healthy dogs, to correlate the obtained data by age, limb length, rectal temperature, and sex; and to compare these results with published findings utilizing needle stimulating electrodes. The study was performed in 24 clinically healthy dogs without anaesthesia. Rectal temperatures and limb lengths were measured in all individuals. There were significant correlations among several indicators (age, rectal temperature, limb length, conduction velocity, latency and duration of compound muscle action potentials). Limb length was found to have a significant effect on the duration of the compound muscle action potential from both stimulation sites (proximal/distal; r = 0.71, r = 0.68, P < 0.01), but there was no effect on the conduction velocity or amplitude of the action potentials. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the measured indicators between males and females, even though females had a higher mean conduction velocity than males. These results prove that conduction velocity measurements in dogs could be performed non-invasively, without a danger of infection or haematomas or complications with anaesthesia, which is more favourable and time-saving for clinical practice, and more comfortable for patients.

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confidence: 99%

Electroneurography of the ulnar nerve in dogs

et al. 2014

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“…Somatic nerve dysfunctions are most predominant, and autonomic nerves may also be affected. As autonomic dysfunction may lead to laryngeal or pharyngeal paralysis, aspiration pneumonia is frequently diagnosed as a cause of death in canine polyneuropathy cases [6,16,26,32,46].Several etiologies of polyneuropathy in dogs have been previously proposed. In some cases, the disease occurs in association with Neospora caninum infection [10] or some immune-mediated diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pathological Features of Polyneuropathy in Three Dogs

Tsuboi

Uchida

et al. 2013

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Canine polyneuropathy is a neurological disorder characterized by a dysfunction of multiple peripheral nerves. The etiology of the disease is diverse; it may occur in cases of infectious, immune-mediated, or hereditary conditions or in association with endocrinopathy, neoplasm, or chemical intoxication. It is often difficult to determine the etiology through clinical symptoms. The aim of this study is to investigate pathological differences among three canine polyneuropathy cases with each presumably having a different etiology. Cases included a 13-month-old female border collie (Dog No.1), a 21-month-old male chihuahua (Dog No.2) and an 11-year-old male beagle (Dog No.3 Polyneuropathy in dogs is a neurological disorder characterized by a dysfunction of multiple peripheral nerves. Initial symptoms of the disease are a lack of coordination and instability, and often progress to decreased reflexes and muscle tone, paralysis, and sensory deficits [45]. Electromyographic evidence of denervation and decreased nerve conduction velocity has been observed in affected nerves [45]. Somatic nerve dysfunctions are most predominant, and autonomic nerves may also be affected. As autonomic dysfunction may lead to laryngeal or pharyngeal paralysis, aspiration pneumonia is frequently diagnosed as a cause of death in canine polyneuropathy cases [6,16,26,32,46].Several etiologies of polyneuropathy in dogs have been previously proposed. In some cases, the disease occurs in association with Neospora caninum infection [10] or some immune-mediated diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus [11]. Primary autoimmune diseases against peripheral nerve myelin may also lead to the disease [1,51]. Some seem to occur in specific breeds, indicating that hereditary, familial or breed-associated factors are related to the etiology of the disease [17]. It may also be associated with endocrinopathy including diabetes mellitus [27,34,47] and hypothyroidism [25,49], intoxication of n-hexane [37] or acrylamide [20], administration of cisplatin [36] or vincristine [21], or paraneoplastic syndromes in cases of insulinoma [3,5], multicentric lymphoma [5], or disseminated carcinoma [5]. It is often difficult to distinguish the etiology of this disease through clinical symptoms.The distribution of lesions (i.e. motor or sensory, distal or proximal, anterior or posterior and symmetric or asymmetric) is useful for etiology-based classification of polyneuropathy [7,8,10]. In the human-inherited polyneuropathy, CharcotMarie-Tooth (CMT) disease, classification is established according to lesion distribution, age onset, progression speed and pathological features [18], and a number of genetic mutations have been identified in respective subtypes [7,43]. In contrast, little information on genetic factors has been accumulated in canine-inherited polyneuropathy [8]. So far, canine-inherited polyneuropathy has been reported in 22 breeds, but underlying genetic defects are not yet confirmed in most breeds [8,17].The aim of this study is to investigate ...

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“…Early signs of the disease include change in bark, gagging and coughing especially in association with eating or drinking, regurgitation, decreased endurance progressing to exercise intolerance, and ultimately respiratory distress [9]. Stridorous breathing is the most common finding on physical examination and a third of patients have been reported to have neurologic signs such as gait abnormalities, generalized weakness, proprioceptive deficits, muscle atrophy, and exercise intolerance [9,11,19]. Inspiratory dyspnea does not improve with open-mouth breathing.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Congenital laryngeal paralysis has been reported in Bouvier de Flandres, dalmatians, rottweilers, Pyrenean mountain dogs, Leonberger, Siberian huskies and husky crossbreeds [8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. This form of the condition is associated with progressive degeneration of the neurons in the nucleus ambiguus followed by Wallerian degeneration of the laryngeal nerves [14,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%