Because of the aging human population and increased numbers
of
surgical procedures being performed, there is a growing number of
biomedical devices being implanted each year. Although the benefits
of implants are significant, there are risks to having foreign materials
in the body that may lead to complications that may remain undetectable
until a time at which the damage done becomes irreversible. To address
this challenge, advances in implantable sensors may enable early detection
of even minor changes in the implants or the surrounding tissues and
provide early cues for intervention. Therefore, integrating sensors
with implants will enable real-time monitoring and lead to improvements
in implant function. Sensor integration has been mostly applied to
cardiovascular, neural, and orthopedic implants, and advances in combined
implant-sensor devices have been significant, yet there are needs
still to be addressed. Sensor-integrating implants are still in their
infancy; however, some have already made it to the clinic. With an
interdisciplinary approach, these sensor-integrating devices will
become more efficient, providing clear paths to clinical translation
in the future.