LAS Bioconcentration:  Tissue Distribution and Effect of Hardness−Implications for Processes

Tolls, Johannes; Haller, Manuela; Seinen, Willem; Sijm, Dick T.H.M.

doi:10.1021/es990296c

Cited by 36 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…They are listed in Table 2, along with the values determined in the laboratory (24). The values of BAFapp are consistently higher than the laboratory BCF data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Bioaccumulation of LAS in Feral Fish Studied by a Novel LC-MS/MS Method

Tolls

Samperi

Corcia

2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The extent of bioaccumulation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in feral organisms is presently unknown. To enable LAS determination in biota samples, LAS and its coproducts (methylbranched LAS, dialkyltetralin sulfonates) are extracted from tissues using matrix solid-phase dispersion, isolated by strong anion exchange chromatography and determined by HPLC-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry. All analytes were quantified in sediment dwelling Tubifex sp. with the sum of the concentrations exceeding 1 micromol/g. Since a portion of LAS was present adsorbed to solids in the guts, the actual body residue was lower than reported lethal LAS body residues. The concentrations of individual constituents in bream muscle samples from the river Saar and fathead minnows caged in the river Arrone ranged up to 2 nmol/g. The apparent bioaccumulation factors in the caged fish are consistently higher than laboratory data, presumably due to a combination of LAS present in the guts adsorbed to suspended material, coingestion of LAS with bacterial detritus, and depressed metabolic activity due to sublethal effects. Given the small deviation between laboratory and field bioaccumulation data and the high detection frequency (> 90%) of C(13)-2- and C13-iso-LAS, the latter two constituents are suitable markers for LAS contamination in fish.

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“…They are listed in Table 2, along with the values determined in the laboratory (24). The values of BAFapp are consistently higher than the laboratory BCF data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Bioaccumulation of LAS in Feral Fish Studied by a Novel LC-MS/MS Method

Tolls

Samperi

Corcia

2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Fish seem to take up anionic LAS through gills (56). The concentrations of a few LAS homologues in the liver and internal organs of juvenile rainbow trout increased rapidly, which suggests that they quickly enter systemic circulation.…”

Section: Toxicity To Vertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactants in the Environment

Ivanković

Hrenović

2010

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

344

190

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Surfactants in the EnvironmentSurfactants are a diverse group of chemicals that are best known for their wide use in detergents and other cleaning products. After use, residual surfactants are discharged into sewage systems or directly into surface waters, and most of them end up dispersed in different environmental compartments such as soil, water or sediment. The toxic effects of surfactants on various aquatic organisms are well known. In general, surfactants are present in the environment at levels below toxicity and in Croatia below the national limit. Most surfactants are readily biodegradable and their amount is greatly reduced with secondary treatment in wastewater treatment plants. The highest concern is the release of untreated wastewater or wastewater that has undergone primary treatment alone. The discharge of wastewater polluted with massive quantities of surfactants could have serious effects on the ecosystem. Future studies of surfactant toxicities and biodegradation are necessary to withdraw highly toxic and non-biodegradable compounds from commercial use and replace them with more environmentally friendly ones.

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“…Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonates (LAS) are the most employed surfactants in the formulation of laundry and personal cleaning products, with an annual global production rate of 4 million metric Tons (Tolls et al 2000). The surfactant molecule is composed of a hydrophobic moiety, an alkyl chain of between 10 and 14 carbon atoms and a hydrophilic part composed of a benzene ring and a sulphonate group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental levels of Linear alkylbenzene Sulfonates (LAS) in sediments from the Tagus estuary (Portugal): environmental implications

Hampel

Canário

Branco

et al. 2008

Environ Monit Assess

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Sediments from the Tagus estuary (Portugal) were collected at 40 stations in July and December 2004. Total LAS concentrations ranged between 0.03 and 17.76 mg LAS.kg(-1) dry weight in July, and between 0.09 and 9.57 mg LAS.kg(-1) in December. Highest LAS concentrations were found at the upper northern part of the estuary, coincident with the localisation of an important waste water treatment station. According to the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) of 8.1 mg.kg(-1) derived for this compound, Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) identified a hazard for the ecosystem at the station with the highest LAS concentration, and similar results are obtained by Equilibrium Partitioning Method (EPM). Nevertheless, LAS concentrations decreased significantly between samplings in the stations with the highest LAS concentrations in July, whereas increased LAS concentrations at adjacent stations were found in December. In the remaining stations, LAS concentrations were up to three orders of magnitude lower, representing no hazard for the sediment community.

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LAS Bioconcentration: Tissue Distribution and Effect of Hardness−Implications for Processes

Cited by 36 publications

References 27 publications

Bioaccumulation of LAS in Feral Fish Studied by a Novel LC-MS/MS Method

Bioaccumulation of LAS in Feral Fish Studied by a Novel LC-MS/MS Method

Surfactants in the Environment

Environmental levels of Linear alkylbenzene Sulfonates (LAS) in sediments from the Tagus estuary (Portugal): environmental implications

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