“…Density has been reported below 1 per cent in several interbank networks, such as those from the United States (see Furfine, 1999, Bech & Atalay, 2010, Germany (see Craig & von Peter, 2014), and Mexico (see Molina-Borboa, et al, 2015). In the Colombian case, most financial networks have been reported as sparse too, with some notable exceptions (see Berndsen, et al, 2018, Ortega & León, 2018, León & Miguélez, 2020. 19 For instance, banking institutions are not allowed to be the real beneficiaries of equity shares issued by other banking institutions.…”