Laser ablation ICP‐MS analysis of larval shell in softshell clams (Mya arenaria) poses challenges for natural tag studies

Straßer, Christine; Thorrold, Simon R.; Starczak, Victoria R.; Mullineaux, Lauren S.

doi:10.4319/lom.2007.5.241

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Future work will focus on 2 priorities: (1) Validation of our observed signal within the larval form by outplanting larvae through the secretion of the first larval shell PDI as per Becker et al (2007). (2) Method development to analyze the retained larval shell PDI of recruited individuals using the microprobe assay laser ablation inductively coupled plas ma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) without sampling underlying juvenile shell (see Strasser et al 2007, Zacherl et al 2009 for a detailed overview). These data could elucidate the influence of dispersal on the population dynamics of this species through the identification of subpopulations that may disproportionately supply larvae.…”

Section: Temporal Variation Of Elemental Fingerprintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microchemistry of juvenile Mercenaria mercenaria shell: implications for modeling larval dispersal

Cathey¹,

Miller²,

Kimmel³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The elemental signature of trace and minor elements within biominerals has been used to investigate the larval dispersal of bivalves. We investigated the potential of this technique by examining elemental signals in juvenile shells of the hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria within an estuarine−lagoonal system near Cape Lookout, North Carolina, USA. We assessed the spatial distinction (~12 to 40 km) and temporal stability (fall versus spring) of elemental concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Twelve minor and trace elements were present at detectable levels in all shell samples: calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), barium (Ba), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and strontium (Sr). Discriminant function analyses (DFA) using metal to Ca ratios as independent variables correctly assigned hard clams to their site of collection with 100% success from both fall and spring sampling events. Mn:Ca ratio proved to be the most effective discriminator explaining 91.2 and 71.9% of our among-group variance, respectively. Elemental concentrations within juvenile shell differed temporally. A combined DFA approach using shell from both sampling events obtains a classification success of 81.9%. Mn:Ca ratio explained the bulk of among group variance (89.9%) and was consistently different among water masses during each season. Our results demonstrate for the first time the existence of small-scale spatial differences (~12 km) in the elemental chemistry of juvenile bivalve shell exclusively within an estuarine− lagoonal system. Our results suggest that the validation of a similar chemical signal of M. mercenaria larval shells is possible and may be used to trace the dispersal trajectory of this economically important species.KEY WORDS: Mercenaria mercenaria · Microchemistry · Larval dispersal · Population connectivity · Estuary · Plasma mass spectrometry Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher 157 Fig. 1. Mercenaria mercenaria. Juvenile hard clam shell showing the retained larval shell, the prodissoconch (PD)

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Section: Temporal Variation Of Elemental Fingerprintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microchemistry of juvenile Mercenaria mercenaria shell: implications for modeling larval dispersal

Cathey¹,

Miller²,

Kimmel³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Evidence for Shell Thickening Strasser et al (2007) indicated that larval shell of the bivalve Mya arenaria is progressively thickened during the planktonic phase, complicating the ability to sample uncontaminated tags of ''source.'' In O. lurida, larval shell is formed prior to release into the planktonic phase, but as subsequently deposited shell material is formed, some portion of that initial shell (the prodissoconch) may be thickened.…”

Section: Ontogenetic Shiftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is imperative to fully characterize the extent of thickening and to accurately identify regions of the larval shell that remain uncompromised through subsequent development phases via further laboratory validation studies. For example, using seawater spiked with 138 Ba well above ambient concentrations (e.g., Strasser et al 2007) would enable us to quantify the extent of thickening and to measure shell thickness in regions uncompromised versus compromised by subsequent thickening. These experiments should be performed across multiple temperature treatments relevant to field conditions experienced by this species to control for differences in shell deposition as a function of temperature.…”

Section: Ontogenetic Shiftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, Strasser et al (2007) completed isotope analyses of the shells of Mya arenaria, a free-spawning bivalve, which indicated that larval shell is progressively thickened during the planktonic phase, complicating the ability to sample uncontaminated tags of ''source.'' In O. lurida, the prodissoconch is formed before release into the planktonic phase, but as subsequently deposited shell material is formed (and potentially under the influence of very different environmental conditions), some portion of the prodissoconch is probably thickened.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Shell of Its Former Self: CanOstrea luridaCarpenter 1864 Larval Shells Reveal Information About a Recruit's Birth Location?

Zacherl

Morgan

Swearer

et al. 2009

Journal of Shellfish Research

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Despite the interest in restoring remnant populations of the Olympia oyster, Ostrea lurida Carpenter 1864, † little is known about connectivity among populations. Identifying the sources of settling larvae could broaden our understanding of the degree to which particular populations are reliant on their neighbors for their persistence. Calcified structures such as the otoliths of fish and statoliths of invertebrates are increasingly being exploited as useful ''natural tags'' that help track individual movements and, when applicable to larvae, could help to pinpoint important source populations. In controlled laboratory culturing experiments, we explored the prospects for using the chemistry of larval shells (prodissoconchs) as natural tags of larval source by examining whether larval shells record shifts in seawater element chemistry, whether larval shells undergo ontogenetic shifts in element uptake, and whether the chemistry of the shell formed during brooding is compromised by subsequent shell thickening during the planktonic phase. Results from a two-way ANOVA examining the effect of seawater element concentration and ontogeny showed that element/ Ca in the shell increased in response to increasing seawater elemental concentrations for Ba, Ce, Pb, and Mn, whereas shell Cu/Ca did not change. Ostrea lurida shell chemistry also showed strong ontogenetic shifts in element/Ca for Mg, Sr, and Cu during the transition from larva to settler. Settler shell Mg/Ca strongly increased compared with planktonic shell, whereas Sr/Ca and Cu/Ca showed the opposite pattern. Further, the chemistry of the shell formed during brooding (at the birth location) did change as a function of environmental conditions experienced during the planktonic phase for the elements Ba and Ce, but that change was limited to regions of the brooded shell just adjacent to the planktonic shell. When the brooded portions of larval shells were sampled closer to the umbo, the brooded shellsÕ chemistry remains intact. The combined results suggest that larval Ostrea lurida shells act as recorders of environmental change and show promise as tools to track larval movements.

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“…By identifying species from larval samples, it could be possible to look at genetic signatures that could link to source populations. Until now, the only usable method for larval origins has been through trace-element fingerprinting of juveniles (DiBacco and Levin 2000, Becker et al 2005) that has led to debatable results (Strasser et al 2007). Microsatellites are emerging as one method of tracing larval origins (Helberg et al 2002) that could be promising when combined with a method for larval identification, although there are still issues with molecular methods as seen in Chapter 2.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species-specific patterns in bivalve larval supply to a coastal embayment

Thompson¹

2011

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Larval supply is an important process linking reproductive output to recruitment of benthic marine invertebrates. Few species-specific studies of bivalve larvae have been performed due to the lack of suitable methods for species identification. This thesis focused on applying a method to identify larvae from field samples from Waquoit Bay, MA using shell birefringence patterns. This method was then used to address variability in larval supply for three bivalve species on weekly, tidal, and hourly scales.Sampling weekly for six months during two years showed large variability in larval concentrations on this time scale. Abundances of most species were related to bay temperature, and species distributions among sampling sites were indicative of transport potential and population coherence. Greater growth of larvae in 2009 compared to 2007 was attributed to more wind-induced mixing and better food availability in 2009.Integrative samples over each tidal event for a 14-day period demonstrated that larvae were mostly constrained by water masses. During a period when there were sharp tidal signals in temperature and salinity, larval concentrations were higher in bay water compared to coastal waters on incoming tides. After a storm event, water mass properties were less distinct between tidal events and a semidiurnal signal in larval concentrations was no longer apparent. The timing of periods of high larval concentrations did not always coincide with periods of highest water mass flux reducing net export in some cases. On an hourly scale, the vertical distribution of larvae affected by water column stratification and strength of tidal flow. Strong currents and a fresh upper layer both prevented larvae from concentrating at the surface. There was little evidence of peaks in larval concentrations associated with a given tidal period.Species-specific data can provide new perspectives on larval transport. For the three species studied, Anomia simplex, Guekensia demissa, and Mercenaria mercenaria, different source areas, patterns for growth, and potential for export were observed. Applying species-specific identification methods to future studies of bivalve larval transport has the potential to relate larval abundance to settlement patterns, an important component of larval ecology and shellfish management.

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Laser ablation ICP‐MS analysis of larval shell in softshell clams (Mya arenaria) poses challenges for natural tag studies

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Microchemistry of juvenile Mercenaria mercenaria shell: implications for modeling larval dispersal

Microchemistry of juvenile Mercenaria mercenaria shell: implications for modeling larval dispersal

A Shell of Its Former Self: CanOstrea luridaCarpenter 1864 Larval Shells Reveal Information About a Recruit's Birth Location?

Species-specific patterns in bivalve larval supply to a coastal embayment

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