Laser ablation surface preparation for adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites

Palmieri, Frank L.; Belcher, Marcus A.; Wohl, Christopher J.; Blohowiak, Kay Y.; Connell, John W.

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2016.02.007

Cited by 96 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, in literature, there are a limited number of papers on laser surface treatment of composite materials. Many of them concern the use of CO 2 , Nd:YAG or UV laser source, while no studies on the use of Yb:YAG fiber laser are reported, even more so on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic matrix by laser surface treatment

Genna

Leone

Ucciardello

et al. 2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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In this study, laser surface treatment of CFRP made of PPS thermoplastic matrix by means of Q-switched Yb:YAG fiber laser is investigated with the aim to improve CFRP adhesive bonding. Two set of experimental tests were developed. In the first, laser treatments were executed fixing the average power (Pa) and changing: the pulse power, the scanning speed, the hatch distance, and the scanning strategy. These tests were performed to individuate the laser-material interaction mechanisms and the process window. The treated surfaces were investigated using optical microscopy. It was found that the treatment is able to remove the outer layer of the matrix up to the exposure of underlying reinforcement. However, depending to the released energy, incomplete cleaning or excessive damage may occur. Then, the operating window was experimentally determined. In the second experimental tests, single lap shear tests were performed on samples treated under the most promising process conditions, to verify the laser treatment effectiveness. It was found that the laser treatment, compared to the untreated samples, is able to increase the apparent shear strength up to three times

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In latter cases, the treatment aim is to completely remove the outer layer of the matrix up to the exposure of underlying reinforcement. Therefore, the mechanism of interaction is mainly of heating or thermal ablation and may produce HAZ . From the above, it might seem that an UV source is the best solution to avoid HAZ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic matrix by laser surface treatment

Genna

Leone

Ucciardello

et al. 2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…Epoxy resins are one of the most important thermoset materials, having some unique features such as excellent adhesion, electrical and chemical resistance, and high mechanical strength. They are used in many industrial applications, including adhesives, semiconductor sealants, and structural materials . Imidazoles catalyze polymerization of epoxides and are one of the typical curing agents for epoxy resins .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

O‐Fmoc‐protected 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butenoate derivatives as thermal latent curing agents for thermosetting epoxy resins

Kudo

Furutani

Arimitsu

2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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To improve the stability of epoxy resin‐imidazole compositions, the authors have developed O‐Fmoc‐protected 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butenoate derivatives to generate an imidazole via thermal deprotection and subsequent β‐elimination reactions. The latent curing agents have good compatibility toward epoxy resins. It was found that high reactivity of the agents with epoxy resins is accomplished after their thermal decomposition reaction and that the composition shows long‐term storage stability at room temperature.

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“…The major concern which arises in adhesive bonding of composites is the requirement of suitable surface pretreatments able to prevent the adverse effect of surface contaminants and favor the adhesion at the adhesive/CFRP interface. Efficient surface pretreatments should enhance the strength and fracture toughness of composite joints by promoting chemical bonding (e.g., physical adsorption, covalent bonding) and mechanical interlocking [10,11,12,13,14,15,9,16,17,18]. Common pretreatments include mechanical sandblasting (or sanding) and applying peel-plies to the surfaces of composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since aerospace applications require robust, repeatable, and reliable processes, additional strategies have been devised through the years, such as wet chemical treatments [14,3,17] and physical high-energy radiation treatments which include, for example, plasma [13,19,20] and laser processing [13,8,9,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-based surface patterning of composite plates for improved secondary adhesive bonding

Tao

Alfano

Lubineau

2018

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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The effects of laser irradiation surface pretreatments on the mode I fracture toughness of adhesively bonded composite joints were evaluated. First, pulsed CO 2 laser irradiation was uniformly deployed on carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) substrates. Next, double cantilever beam (DCB) tests were performed to assess the effects of surface pretreatments on the mode I fracture toughness of the adhesive joints. Then, a thoughtful combination of the proposed surface pretreatments was deployed to fabricate DCB specimens with patterned interfaces. A wide range of techniques, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact profilometry, and optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to ascertain the effects of all investigated surface pretreatments. It is shown that patterning promoted damage mechanisms that were not observed in the uniformly treated interfaces, resulting in an effective fracture toughness well above that predicted by a classical rule of mixture.

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Laser ablation surface preparation for adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites

Cited by 96 publications

References 16 publications

Increasing adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic matrix by laser surface treatment

Increasing adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic matrix by laser surface treatment

O‐Fmoc‐protected 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butenoate derivatives as thermal latent curing agents for thermosetting epoxy resins

Laser-based surface patterning of composite plates for improved secondary adhesive bonding

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