Laser action from two-dimensional distributed feedback in photonic crystals

Meier, Markus; Mekis, Attila; Dodabalapur, Ananth; Timko, Allen G.; Slusher, R. E.; Joannopoulos, John D.; Nalamasu, O.

doi:10.1063/1.123116

Cited by 411 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…[13][14][15][16][17] There is currently much interest in the application of two-dimensional microstructuring to a variety of optical systems, such as providing in-plane confinement of certain microcavity modes, 18 complete band gaps for surface modes, 19 enhanced light extraction and out-of-plane scattering of guided modes, [20][21][22] and feedback for organic microcavity lasers. 23 In this paper, surface microstructuring 24 is used to provide band gaps for the guided modes of microcavities based on metallic mirrors. Waveguide modes are recognized as being a significant source of loss in emissive microcavity devices, most notably when the emission takes place from within a material of high refractive index.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flat photonic bands in guided modes of textured metallic microcavities

Salt

Barnes

2000

Phys. Rev. B

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A detailed experimental study of how wavelength-scale periodic texture modifies the dispersion of the guided modes of /2 metal-clad microcavities is presented. We first examine the case of a solid-state microcavity textured with a single, periodic corrugation. We explore how the depth of the corrugation and the waveguide thickness affect the width of the band gap produced in the dispersion of the guided modes by Bragg scattering off the periodic structure. We demonstrate that the majority of the corrugation depths studied dramatically modify the dispersion of the lowest-order cavity mode to produce a series of substantially flat bands. From measurements of how the central frequency of the band gap varies with direction of propagation of the guided modes, we determine a suitable two-dimensional texture profile for the production of a complete band gap in all directions of propagation. We then experimentally examine band gaps produced in the guided modes of such a two-dimensionally textured microcavity and demonstrate the existence of a complete band gap for all directions of propagation of the lowest-order TE-polarized mode. We compare our experimental results with those from a theoretical model and find good agreement. Implications of these results for emissive microcavity devices such as light-emitting diodes are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flat photonic bands in guided modes of textured metallic microcavities

Salt

Barnes

2000

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Researchers first observed this effect via a suppression of radiation into the normal direction in a surface-emitting distributed feedback laser with onedimensional periodicity 58,59 . This led to PhC surface emitting lasers (PCSELs) that lase through BICs with two-dimensional periodicity 214,215 , followed by the realizations of various lasing patterns 216,217 , lasing at the blue-violet wavelengths 218 , and lasing with organic molecules 221 . The suppressed radiation at the normal direction means that a PCSEL can have a low lasing threshold but also with a limited output power.…”

Section: Applications Of Bics and Quasi-bicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This makes them useful for many optical and photonic applications. In particular, the macroscopic size (on the centimeter scale or larger) and ease of fabrication make BICs in PhC slabs unique for large-area high-power applications such as lasers [214][215][216][217][218][219] , sensors 220,221 , and filters 222 .…”

Section: Applications Of Bics and Quasi-bicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bound states in the continuum

et al. 2016

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Bound states in the continuum are waves that, defying conventional wisdom, remain localized even though they coexist with a continuous spectrum of radiating waves that can carry energy away. Their existence was first proposed in quantum mechanics and, being a general wave phenomenon, later identified in electromagnetic, acoustic, and water waves. They have been studied in a wide variety of material systems such as photonic crystals, optical waveguides and fibers, piezoelectric materials, quantum dots, graphene, and topological insulators. This Review describes recent developments in this field with an emphasis on the physical mechanisms that lead to these unusual states across the seemingly very different platforms. We discuss recent experimental realizations, existing applications, and directions for future work.

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“…4,5 A number of DFB lasers have been demonstrated in organic semiconductors, employing single gratings, 6 -13,19-21 crossed double gratings, 14,22 circular gratings, 15,16 and photonic crystal structures. [23][24][25] Through active control of the photonic modes it should be possible to control lasing properties such as threshold and output coupling. It is therefore important to understand the physics of how the local photonic environment modifies emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic mode dispersion of a two-dimensional distributed feedback polymer laser

et al. 2003

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We present an analysis of the photonic mode dispersion of a two-dimensional ͑2D͒ distributed feedback polymer laser based on the conjugated polymer poly͓2-methoxy-5-(2Ј-ethylhexyloxy͒-1,4-phenylene vinylene͔. We use a combination of a simple model, together with experimental measurements of the photonic mode dispersion in transmission and emission, to explain the operating characteristics of the laser. The laser was found to oscillate at 636 nm on one edge of a photonic stop band in the photonic dispersion. A 2D coupling of modes traveling perpendicular to the orthogonal gratings was found to lead to a low divergence laser emission normal to the waveguide. At pump energies well above the oscillation threshold for this mode, a divergent, cross-shaped far-field emission was observed, resulting from a distributed feedback occurring over a wide range of wave vectors in one band of the photonic dispersion.

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Laser action from two-dimensional distributed feedback in photonic crystals

Cited by 411 publications

References 8 publications

Flat photonic bands in guided modes of textured metallic microcavities

Flat photonic bands in guided modes of textured metallic microcavities

Bound states in the continuum

Photonic mode dispersion of a two-dimensional distributed feedback polymer laser

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