Laser-based series interconnection of chalcopyrite und perovskite solar cells: Analysis of material modifications and implications for achieving small dead area widths

Schultz, Christof; Fenske, Markus; Dagar, Janardan; Basulto, Guillermo Antonio Farias; Zeiser, Andreas; Bartelt, Andreas; Junghans, Cornelia; Schlatmann, Rutger; Unger, Eva; Stegemann, Bert

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.08.016

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In contrast, the use of ns pulses for P2 patterning, appears advantageous at present. But due to the strong thermal sensitivity of the CIGSe, it can be assumed that similarly good results can be achieved with ps laser pulses as already shown on single junction CIGSe solar cells [17,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Pulsed lasers are the tool of choice for all these patterning tasks, as they allow layer-selective material removal with a high reproducibility at the same time. The general principles of laser patterning of thin-films, especially the laser-material interaction processes with a focus on laser-induced material modifications, have been investigated and described in detail in previous work [6][7][8][9]. In general, the success of laser scribing is based on precisely controlled energy input and is mainly dependent on the thicknesses, absorption behavior, and detailed configuration of the layer stack to be patterned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser-based monolithic series interconnection of two-terminal perovskite-CIGSe tandem solar cells: determination of the optimal scribe line properties

Schultz

Basulto²,

Otto³

et al. 2023

EPJ Photovolt.

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To achieve a monolithic series interconnection of tandem solar cell devices consisting of a perovskite top cell and a CIGSe bottom cell, a two-terminal interconnection scheme is introduced that includes an additional, fourth patterning step, the so-called iso-cut, which separates the window layer stack between the two solar cells. The implementation of this interconnection scheme requires a process development for a total of four structuring steps, which was achieved by systematically varying the laser parameters. Based on a detailed characterization of the individual scribe line properties with respect to their scribe line depth, morphology, electrical functionality, chemical composition and their influence on adjacent and underlying layers, the optimal patterning parameters and suitable process windows were derived for each step, which is a prerequisite for a loss-free monolithic series interconnection in a tandem module.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-based monolithic series interconnection of two-terminal perovskite-CIGSe tandem solar cells: determination of the optimal scribe line properties

Schultz

Basulto²,

Otto³

et al. 2023

EPJ Photovolt.

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show abstract

“…In our recent work, we have shown that the impact of the laser scribing on the perovskite material is confined to a narrow range aside the scribe line. [ 13 ] Thus, by imaging a sufficiently large range aside from the laser scribe, the remotely located and thus putatively unaffected material can be used as reference for comparison with the directly affected material located close to the scribed line. In this way, the success of the patterning process itself can be qualitatively evaluated.…”

Section: Determination Of Materials and Solar Cell Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both cases, the introduced excess energy can easily cause material alterations, forming electronic defects which might result in nonoptimal electrical functionality, as shown in our recent work. [6,13] To meet these challenges, a versatile, nondestructive, easy-touse, and fast method for evaluating the patterning process is needed to quantify the lateral distribution of key solar cell parameters, which is increasingly important for successful process control in laser patterning and optimizing the device performance. Photoluminescence measurements have been proven as versatile method to access material properties [14][15][16] for decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperspectral Photoluminescence Imaging for Spatially Resolved Determination of Electrical Parameters of Laser‐Patterned Perovskite Solar Cells

Schultz,

Fenske,

Dion-Bertrand

et al. 2023

Solar RRL

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Absolute calibrated hyperspectral photoluminescence (PL) imaging is utilized to access, in a simple and fast way, the spatial distribution of relevant solar cell parameters such as quasi‐Fermi level splitting (QFLS), optical diode factor (ODF), Urbach energies Eu and shunt resistances Rsh, without the need for electrical measurements. Since these metrics play a significant role in evaluating the process windows for electrical series interconnection by laser patterning, this approach is followed to systematically locate and quantify electrical losses that may occur as a result of the laser patterning process for monolithic series interconnection. It is shown that both ps and ns laser pulses can be used for successful series interconnection. In both cases, only minor lateral material alterations occur, localized in a few µm wide region adjacent to the edges of the scribe lines. Furthermore, the acquisition and analysis of these hyperspectral PL datasets provides insights in the material removal process, from which we conclude that the perovskite is rather resilient against the thermal impact of the laser.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Advanced Laser Nanofabrication Technologies for Perovskite Photonics

Cherepakhin,

Zhizhchenko,

Khmelevskaia

et al. 2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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Halide perovskites have become a versatile platform not only for optoelectronic devices but also for modern optics and nanophotonics. Perovskite nano‐ and micro‐particles, metasurfaces, and photonic crystals demonstrate their applicability for directional enhanced photo‐ and electro‐luminescence, lasing, as well as for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices. However, ionic nature makes perovskites water soluble, while their high sensitivity to diverse chemicals complicates their patterning toward the formation of functional, high‐quality nanostructures. Here, recent progress on emerging laser technologies for processing and nanopatterning of halide perovskites, as well as their applications in designing advanced light‐emitting systems and controlling light at the nanoscale is overviewed. Special emphasis is made on the processes underlying the interaction of laser radiation with perovskites to disclose new avenues for their surface and volume modification with ultra‐high precision and a high degree of material's property control.

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Laser-based series interconnection of chalcopyrite und perovskite solar cells: Analysis of material modifications and implications for achieving small dead area widths

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Laser-based monolithic series interconnection of two-terminal perovskite-CIGSe tandem solar cells: determination of the optimal scribe line properties

Laser-based monolithic series interconnection of two-terminal perovskite-CIGSe tandem solar cells: determination of the optimal scribe line properties

Hyperspectral Photoluminescence Imaging for Spatially Resolved Determination of Electrical Parameters of Laser‐Patterned Perovskite Solar Cells

Advanced Laser Nanofabrication Technologies for Perovskite Photonics

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