Laser beam propagation in turbulent conditions

Searles, S. K.; Hart, George A.; Dowling, James A.; Hanley, S. T.

doi:10.1364/ao.30.000401

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This is not too surprising, since many of the atmospheric SL are derived using Gaussian property assumptions. 4,5 In all cases, the scaling laws are found to be more optimistic than the WO simulation for the AMOS atmosphere when D/r 0 >2. This occurs for two reasons.…”

Section: Simulation and Scaling Law Comparison Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Experimental and theoretical studies have been conducted to better understand and characterize these dependencies and to provide relations to simplify the design process. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] These relations, or scaling laws, generally predict the time-average or space-average influence of the various physical effects in terms of system design parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of radiometric scaling laws and detailed wave-optics simulations for designing ground-based laser satellite-illumination and receiver systems

Bush

2002

SPIE Proceedings

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Ground-based optical transmitter and receiver systems designed for active imaging, active tracking and laser ranging of satellites in Earth orbit are very sensitive to physical conditions limiting the radiometric returns for achieving these measurements. The initial design of these systems is often based on simple radiometric scaling laws that provide estimates of average radiometric returns and are derived from experimental data or from more complex theoretical calculations. While these laws are quite useful, it is often easy to lose sight of the initial assumptions made in their formulation, and hence, the limits of their accuracy for designing certain systems. The objective of this paper is to review some of the commonly used radiometric scaling laws for active systems and to establish guidelines for their use based on comparisons of their predictions with results from detailed wave-optics simulations for different system design requirements and physical conditions. The combined effects of laser and transmitter beam parameters, wave-front aberrations, atmospheric turbulence, and satellite optical cross-section are considered.

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Section: Simulation and Scaling Law Comparison Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of radiometric scaling laws and detailed wave-optics simulations for designing ground-based laser satellite-illumination and receiver systems

Bush

2002

SPIE Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As is known, the low efficiency of systems for the wireless transmission of energy and information using optical-range radiation is due to light beam diffraction, radiation scattering by atmospheric aerosol [23], and the influence of atmospheric turbulence [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. When a laser beam passes through the turbulent atmosphere of the Earth, the wavefront becomes distorted, which limits the operational range of such systems [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide-aperture multichannel Shack-Hartmann sensor for multispectral wavefront measurements

Galaktionov,

Nikitin,

Sheldakova

et al. 2024

Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XXVI

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A multispectral wavefront sensor can be used to perform a single-shot spatio-temporal characterization of a laser pulse. In order to measure the spatio-spectral electric field, a laser pulse can be spectrally modulated, separated and measured by a wavefront sensor. In order to simplify the experimental setup and hardware control, the single wavefront sensor can be used. In this research we discuss the development of the multi-channel wide-aperture high-resolution Shack-Hartmann sensor for multispectral wavefront sensing. The whole sensor area of 15×15 mm was divided into 4 logical apertures, each for separate laser beam. The development and calibration procedure are described. The wavefront sensor control software is developed and tested.

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“…As is known, the low efficiency of systems for the wireless transmission of energy and information using optical-range radiation is due to light beam diffraction, radiation scattering by atmospheric aerosol [22], and the influence of atmospheric turbulence [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. When a laser beam passes through the turbulent atmosphere of the Earth, the wavefront becomes distorted, which limits the operational range of such systems [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Turbulence with Kolmogorov Spectra: Software Simulation, Real-Time Reconstruction and Compensation by Means of Adaptive Optical System with Bimorph and Stacked-Actuator Deformable Mirrors

Galaktionov,

Sheldakova,

Samarkin

et al. 2023

Photonics

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Atmospheric turbulence causes refractive index fluctuations, which in turn introduce extra distortions to the wavefront of the propagated radiation. It ultimately degrades telescope resolution (in imaging applications) and reduces radiation power density (in focusing applications). One of the possible ways of researching the impact of turbulence is to numerically simulate the spectrum of refractive index fluctuations, to reproduce it using a wavefront corrector and to measure the resultant wavefront using, for example, a Shack–Hartmann sensor. In this paper, we developed turbulence simulator software that generates phase screens with Kolmogorov spectra. We reconstructed the generated set of phase screens using a stacked-actuator deformable mirror and then compensated for the introduced wavefront distortions using a bimorph deformable mirror. The residual amplitude of the wavefront reconstructed by the 19-channel stacked-actuator mirror was 0.26 λ, while the residual amplitude of the wavefront compensated for by the 32-channel bimorph mirror was 0.08 λ.

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Laser beam propagation in turbulent conditions

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Comparison of radiometric scaling laws and detailed wave-optics simulations for designing ground-based laser satellite-illumination and receiver systems

Comparison of radiometric scaling laws and detailed wave-optics simulations for designing ground-based laser satellite-illumination and receiver systems

Wide-aperture multichannel Shack-Hartmann sensor for multispectral wavefront measurements

Atmospheric Turbulence with Kolmogorov Spectra: Software Simulation, Real-Time Reconstruction and Compensation by Means of Adaptive Optical System with Bimorph and Stacked-Actuator Deformable Mirrors

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