Laser cleaning of historical paper documents and diagnostics by means of LIF technique

Ochocińska, K.; Martı́n, Margarita; Bredal-Jørgensen, Jørn; Kamińska, Aleksandra; Śliwiński, Gerard

doi:10.1117/12.520764

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…Such evidence of surface contamination is often revealed by this technique when applied to historical objects. 11 The above results indicate that the elemental composition observed in the visible spectral range by means of the LIBS technique supports the assignment of the pigments identified from the Raman spectra.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Pigment identification of a XIV/XV c. wooden crucifix by means of the Raman spectroscopic technique

Kamińska¹,

Sawczak

Oujja

et al. 2006

J Raman Spectroscopy

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The historical polychrome pigments used originally and those applied for later restoration were identified on a wooden crucifix (about 1400 A.D.) from the collection of the National Museum in Gdansk by means of the Raman spectroscopic technique. Characteristic bands associated with the pigments on different areas of the object were observed in the spectra of the paint layers and also on their cross sections. Sets of bands corresponding to the original white, red and green pigments allowed the identification of chalk (283, 1087 cm −1 ), vermilion (253, 284, 343 cm −1 ) and red lead (313, 390, 548 cm −1 ), and also numerous bands ascribed to malachite and azurite. Bands corresponding to the pigments Prussian blue, (Fe[Fe 3+ Fe 2+ (CN) 6 ] 3 ) (282, 538 cm −1 ), and chrome yellow, (PbCrO 4 ) (338, 360, 403 cm −1 ), were also observed. As these pigments have been known since 1704 and 1803, respectively, it is concluded that partial retouching of some areas of the statue had taken place. For confirmation, elemental analysis was performed using LIBS (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy) and recorded for the green paint retouching after excitation at 248 nm by a KrF laser. In the plasma emission, the elements Cu, Pb, Cr, Fe, CN, C 2 , Ca were identified, supporting the pigment assignment based on the Raman spectra. Results of this work enabled the mapping of the polychrome pigments and also the layer stratigraphy, contributing in this way to the restoration of the statue.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Pigment identification of a XIV/XV c. wooden crucifix by means of the Raman spectroscopic technique

Kamińska¹,

Sawczak

Oujja

et al. 2006

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Femtosecond laser cleaning of historical paper with sizing

Ersoy

Tunay

Uğuryol

et al. 2014

Journal of Cultural Heritage

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High-selectivity cleaning of historical paper samples with sizing through femtosecond laser ablation

et al. 2015

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Laser ablation offers cleaning method for historical and art works effectively. Difference between ablation threshold of contamination layer and the surface yields to remove contaminants from surface without detriment to historical material. In particular, lasers with ultrashort pulse duration are very convenient for brittle historical papers, fibers of which should be intact after cleaning treatment. Since duration of laser irradiation and material interaction is very short, the possibility of damage to the paper is very low. One of the other crucial issues after paper cleaning treatment is color variation on the surface. Authentic color of the historical paper has to be preserved after the procedure. In this paper, we present results of paper cleaning via femtosecond (fs) laser running at a wavelength of 1030 nm. In the first stage of this experimental study, we determined optimum laser parameters on artificially soiled and aged paper samples, then cleaned a handwritten manuscript with 'sizing'. In calligraphy, ornamentation and miniature arts, sizing is applied on paper as a protective layer which increases strength of paper and renders it more useful. Papers with sizing have been prevalently used in Islamic or Ottoman culture. We observed that after laser irradiation, artificial soling layer is effectively removed, while original color of the subs-layers did not alter. We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine fiber integrity, and determined that the sizing layer was not removed when optimized parameters were used, thus the fibers were not damaged.

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Laser cleaning of historical paper documents and diagnostics by means of LIF technique

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Pigment identification of a XIV/XV c. wooden crucifix by means of the Raman spectroscopic technique

Pigment identification of a XIV/XV c. wooden crucifix by means of the Raman spectroscopic technique

Femtosecond laser cleaning of historical paper with sizing

High-selectivity cleaning of historical paper samples with sizing through femtosecond laser ablation

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