Herein, we demonstrate the customized,
environmentally friendly
tailoring of nanoparticles and their surface chemistry by short pulsed
laser irradiation in liquids. This process allows for the formation
of crystalline spherical particles exceeding several hundreds of nanometers
in water from colloids of electrochemically etched silicon nanocrystals
(Si-NCs), which exhibit quantum confinement effects and room-temperature
stable luminescence. In particular, nanosecond (ns) pulsed laser irradiation
of the Si-NC/water colloids causes the selective heating of the Si-NCs
accompanied by the formation of spherical particles. In contrast,
femtosecond (fs) laser pulsed irradiation induces the formation of
colloidal Si-NCs with peculiar surface chemistry; in particular, fs
pulses generate short-lived plasmas with more ionized species in water,
which enable the surface engineering of quantum confined Si-NCs, thus
limiting Si-NC agglomeration and enhancing their photoluminescent
properties.