Laser-driven fusion

Brueckner, Keith A.; Jorna, S.

doi:10.1103/revmodphys.46.325

Cited by 600 publications

(271 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Plasmas generated by pulsed or continuous lasers 10,15,22 have been of particular interest in the fields of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, 18 chemical vapour deposition, 2 laser-driven inertially confined fusion, 5 drag reduction 19 as well as combustion augmentation and ignition 4 since they were first discovered in the 1960s. A unified theory of laserinduced breakdown does not exist at this point, and experimental measurements reported in the literature often do not contain all the details regarding the laser beam characteristics such as wavelength, linewidth, polarisation, unfocused diameter, divergence, pulse shape, and duration (transverse and longitudinal modes) as well as the characteristics of the focusing system such as focal length, aperture size, alignment to the laser beam, lens shape, lens quality, and refractive index 13,17 which would allow a comparison between different investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the measurement of laser-induced plasma breakdown thresholds

Brieschenk

Kleine

O’Byrne

2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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Articles you may be interested inComparison of the electron density measurements using Thomson scattering and emission spectroscopy for laser induced breakdown in one atmosphere of helium Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 261504 (2011) The breakdown threshold of a gas exposed to intense laser-radiation is a function of gas and laser properties. Breakdown thresholds reported in the literature often vary greatly and these differences can partially be traced back to the method that is typically used to determine breakdown thresholds. This paper discusses the traditional method used to determine breakdown thresholds and the potential errors that can arise using this approach, and presents an alternative method which can yield more accurate data especially when determining breakdown thresholds as functions of gas pressure. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.[http://dx

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the measurement of laser-induced plasma breakdown thresholds

Brieschenk

Kleine

O’Byrne

2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…However, the conditions are still very close to the limit. Also, in another case of Brueckner and Jorna (1974), where ' 0 = 500.um, '0 = 106 ps and a maximum power of 4 x 10 14 W was considered, their value 10 = 10 16 W cm -2 is also very close to the limit (22).…”

Section: Minimum Laser Rise-time For Gas-dynamic Compressionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Distinguishing Between Thermalizing and Electrodynamic Coupling For Laser-compressed Thermonuclear Reactions

Hora¹

1976

Aust. J. Phys.

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In the gas-dynamic laser compression of plasmas for exothermal nuclear reactions, certain laser intensities must not be exceeded in order to reach sufficient thermalizing coupling. A criterion for this limitation is developed here, which shows that the published cases of Nuckolls (1974) and Brueckner (1974) are close to this threshold and may not need serious changes due to the coupling process. As weII as the long pulse scheme of Afanasyev et al. (1975), an alternative method exists in which very short and very high intensity laser pulses are applied, thereby avoiding thermalization but generating fast imploding cold and thick plasma shells due to nonlinear ponderomotive forces of optical explosion. A necessary and sufficient condition for this electrodynamic coupling is derived, and the general nonlinear force equation is integrated to derive ion energies and their exact linear increase with ion charge. Experiments indicating the predominance of the nonlinear force are then analysed. The derived criteria are used to explain examples of nonlinear force compression giving 1000 times greater efficiencies for nuclear reactions than the gas-dynamic case.

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“…However, for the internal structure of the shock, we used the simple static isobaric configuration. A more refined study [7,23] should be carried out especially for the fast igniter scheme [22,[24][25][26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion Reaction Rate in an Inhomogeneous Plasma

Son¹,

Fisch²

2004

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The local fusion rate, obtained from the assumption that the distribution is a local Maxwellian, is inaccurate if mean-free-paths of fusing particles are not sufficiently small compared with the inhomogeneity length of the plasma. We calculate the first order correction of P 0 in terms of the small spatial gradient and obtain a non-local modification of P 0 in a shock region when the gradient is not small. Use is made of the fact that the fusion reaction cross-section has a relatively sharp peak as a function of energy.

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Laser-driven fusion

Cited by 600 publications

References 60 publications

On the measurement of laser-induced plasma breakdown thresholds

On the measurement of laser-induced plasma breakdown thresholds

Distinguishing Between Thermalizing and Electrodynamic Coupling For Laser-compressed Thermonuclear Reactions

Fusion Reaction Rate in an Inhomogeneous Plasma

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