Device concepts for two-dimensional phased-array optics are formulated.Dielectric waveguide optics and electro-optical organic materials can be used to make multiple layers of electro-optically controlled channel waveguides and artificial prisms. Combining element scanning, array scanning, and nonuniform spacing of elements yield devices with increased resolution and reduced side-lobes. These techniques permit the fabrication of two-dimensional phase spatial-light-modulators which are applicable to two-dimensional beam scanning, wavefront shaping, dynamic lenses, and sensors.The electromagnetic field distribution of the light, in amplitude and phase, is specified by the function P. The field distribution at the O-8194-0713-5/92/$4.QQ SPIE VoL 1582 Integrated Optoelectronics for Communication and Processing(1991)/ 27 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/24/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx