Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for rapid accurate analysis of Mg, Ca, and K in edible sea salts

Kim, Hyang; Ngo, Van Tho; Kumar, Sandeep; Lee, Won Bae; Park, Jeong; Han, Song; Nam, Sang‐Ho; Ham, Kyung‐Sik; Lee, Yonghoon

doi:10.1364/ao.58.009940

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In our previous works, the nonlinear function was found to be successful in calibrating the LIBS signal intensities affected by the self-absorption to the analyte concentrations. 21,22,38,39 The coefficients of determination, R 2 , for K, Mg, Ca, and S were obtained to be 0.9978, 0.9998, 0.9838, and 0.9613, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…From the previous works, the Na(I) emission peak at 330.26 nm has been found to be successful as a reference signal for the analysis of salts in different matrices. 21,22,26 For analysis of K, the K(I) emission line observed at 769.90 nm was chosen (Figure 3b). This is one of the strongest doublet emissions at 766.490 and 769.896 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,21,22,26 This is easier than preparing a sample in the form of pellets, but the dry residues are inhomogeneously distributed on the substrate surface due to the coffee-ring effect. 21,22,26,27…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Precise Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Analysis of Major Mineral Nutrients in Edible Salts Using Miniaturized Salt Ponds and Alternating Laser-Ablation Data Sampling

Park,

Han,

Nam

et al. 2023

Appl Spectrosc

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In this work, we applied a hydrophilicity-enhanced solid substrate and an alternating laser-ablation data sampling (ALADS) scheme to improve laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurement precision and demonstrated the performance in analyzing K, Mg, Ca, and S contained in commercially available edible salt products. Five edible salt products from Australia, Bolivia, France, and South Korea were dissolved in water and a tiny volume of each solution was dropped on the solid substrate, that is, a miniaturized salt pond. After being dried, the residual salt crystals distributed still inhomogeneously, but the homogeneity could be significantly improved in comparison with that from typical drop-and-dry methods. The ALADS scheme was applied to extract three precise measurements from 9798 single-shot LIBS spectra covering the entire salt pond. The measurements obtained by ALADS were found to agree well with one another regardless of the inhomogeneous distribution of salt crystals. As a result, the measurement precision was proved remarkably. Limits of detection for K, Mg, Ca, and S were estimated to be 0.64, 1.7, 14, and 530 mg/kg, respectively, which are enough to analyze those elements contained in salts typically at the level of 100 parts per million (ppm) to ∼3 wt% for the purpose of salt quality assessment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Precise Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Analysis of Major Mineral Nutrients in Edible Salts Using Miniaturized Salt Ponds and Alternating Laser-Ablation Data Sampling

Park,

Han,

Nam

et al. 2023

Appl Spectrosc

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“…The authors also reported the same protocol to determine Ca, K and Mg in edible sea salt products. 102 A means of direct analysis of salt solutions using LIBS was reported by Lin et al (in Chinese). 103 Sample solutions were continuously pumped through a funnel held above a beaker to produce a thin stream of liquid that served as the point of analysis.…”

Section: Inorganic Chemicals and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

Carter

Clough

Fisher

et al. 2020

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…Their LIBS spectra look quite similar but show discernible differences in the emission peak intensities of metallic impurity elements such as K, Mg, and Ca. [19][20][21][22][23] Among the six sea salt samples, two most confusing ones were identified and used form the extended class. Then, a two-step PLS-DA analysis was performed to improve the classification accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Step Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis Modeling for Accurate Classification of Edible Sea Salt Products Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

et al. 2022

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been widely applied to material classification in various fields, and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) is one of the frequently used classical multivariate statistics to construct classification models based on the LIBS spectra. However, classification accuracy of the PLS-DA model is sensitive to the number of classes and their similarities. Considering this characteristic of PLS-DA, we suggest a two-step PLS-DA modeling approach to improve the classification accuracy. This strategy was demonstrated for a 6-class problem in which six commercial edible sea salts produced in Japan, South Korea, and France are classified using their LIBS spectra. At the first step, test spectra were sorted into four classes and one extended class, composed of the two other most confusing classes, and then the test spectra in the extended class were further classified into each of the two constituent classes which were modeled separately from the other four classes. This two-step classification has been found to remarkably improve the PLS-DA classification accuracy by maximizing the difference between the confusing classes in the second-step modeling.

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for rapid accurate analysis of Mg, Ca, and K in edible sea salts

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Highly Precise Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Analysis of Major Mineral Nutrients in Edible Salts Using Miniaturized Salt Ponds and Alternating Laser-Ablation Data Sampling

Highly Precise Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Analysis of Major Mineral Nutrients in Edible Salts Using Miniaturized Salt Ponds and Alternating Laser-Ablation Data Sampling

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in the analysis of metals, chemicals and materials

Two-Step Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis Modeling for Accurate Classification of Edible Sea Salt Products Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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