Laser Induced Surface Damage

Boling, N. L.; Crisp, Michael D.; Dubé, G.

doi:10.1364/ao.12.000650

Cited by 170 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Lastly, variations in sample tilt (i.e. perpendicularity with respect to the writing beam propagation axis) can contribute to Fresnel reflections 16 , causing undue attenuation to the different polarization components of the writing beam. All of these factors lead to greater ellipticity in the polarization state, which ultimately alters and influences the process of nonlinear absorption and the formation of nanogratings.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-write diffracting tubular optical components using femtosecond lasers

McMillen

Bellouard

2014

SPIE Proceedings

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Over the last decade, femtosecond lasers have been used extensively for the fabrication of optical elements via direct writing and in combination with chemical etching. These processes have been an enabling technology for manufacturing a variety of devices such as waveguides, fluidic channels, and mechanical components.Here, we present high quality micro-scale optical components buried inside various glass substrates such as soda-lime glass or fused silica. These components consist of high-precision, simple patterns with tubular shapes. Typical diameters range from a few microns to one hundred microns. With the aid of high-bandwidth, high acceleration flexure stages, we achieve highly symmetric pattern geometries, which are particularly important for achieving homogeneous stress distribution within the substrate.We model the optical properties of these structures using beam propagation simulation techniques and experimentally demonstrate that such components can be used as cost-effective, low-numerical aperture lenses. Additionally, we investigate their capability for studying the stress-distribution induced by the laser-affected zones and possible related densification effects.

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Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-write diffracting tubular optical components using femtosecond lasers

McMillen

Bellouard

2014

SPIE Proceedings

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“…When the sample was moved further than ~2 mm, the surface did not damage but no apparent changes to the surface occurred, including a lack of etching. When the laser passes through the sample in the back side configuration the sample damaged more easily due to the lower damage threshold of the exit surface [13,14] that occurred in spite of the lower effective beam fluence at the surface. The gas plasma in the back side configuration can reflect the beam back towards the surface to cause damage.…”

Section: Front and Back Side Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-induced gas plasma etching of fused silica under ambient conditions

et al. 2012

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Laser machining of optics to mitigate surface defects has greatly enhanced the ability to process large optics such as those found in fusion-class lasers. Recently, the use of assist reactive gases has shown promise in enhancing manifold etching rates relative to ambient conditions for CW-laser exposures. However, these methods still require significant heating of the substrate that induce residual stress, redeposit coverage, material flow, and compromise the final surface finish and damage threshold. While very reactive fluorinated gases are capable to reduce treatment temperatures even further, they are also inherently toxic and not readily transferable to large processing facilities. In this report, we look at whether a short-lived gas plasma could provide the safe and effective etchant sought, while still reducing the thermal load on the surface. We test this approach using a YAG laserinduced gas plasma to act as a source of the etchant for fused silica, a common optical material. The configuration and orientation of the beam and optical apparatus with respect to the surface was critical in preventing surface damage while etching the surface. Results with N 2 and air gas plasmas are shown, along with a description of the various experimental implementations attempted.Keywords: silica, gas plasma, laser, etching, heat, thermal, machining *Correspondence: E-mail: elhadj2@llnl.gov; phone 1 925 422-0270; fax 1 925 423 0792

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“…The laser damage threshold was found to be 12.44 MW/cm 2 for pure BTZA enabling its use in NLO applications [24]. Apart from thermal effect, multiphoton ionization is the important cause for laser-induced damage.…”

Section: Laser Damage Threshold Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%