Laser-Induced Voltage of Oil Shale for Characterizing the Oil Yield

Abstract

The oil yields of oil shales from the Longkou, Yaojie, and Barkol districts in China were characterized with laserinduced voltage, which was monitored by a voltage tester or a digital oscilloscope when oil shale was irradiated directly by a continuum solid-state laser with a wavelength of 532 nm without an applied bias or at a bias of 9 V. The laser-induced voltage strongly depends upon the properties of the oil shales and exhibits an increasing trend as the oil yield increases from ∼5.66, 9.05, to 14.16% for Barkol, Yaojie, and Longkou, respectively. In addition, the rise time constant increases with the decrease of the oil yield, while the fall time constant declines as the oil yield decreases. A possible mechanism was proposed by the comparative analysis of the experimental results. The experimental results provide useful optical information on oil shale, suggesting the laserinduced voltage can be used to characterize the oil yield of oil shale.

Oil Yield Characterization by Anisotropy in Optical Parameters of the Oil Shale

“…Optical parameters in the THz range were sensitive to the mineral and structures in rocks, e.g., marble, limestone, sandstone, and clay as well as mudstone. − Spectral features of organics were also studied, and THz-TDS was proved efficiently in probing the evolution of kerogen with different maturity and disaggregation of crude oil under magnetic fields. , Additionally, combination of THz technology and stoichiometry had provided a practical means to analyze crude oils as well as fuel oils blended with various additives . In our previous study, oil yields of oil shales were studied with laser-induced voltage (LIV), showing correlations between oil yields and the LIV parameters . In this paper, the anisotropic responses of oil shales were initially studied by THz-TDS.…”

Mechanism of the Laser-Induced Voltage Generated in Oil Shale under the Irradiation of a 532 nm Laser

“…Previously, the LIV measurements were employed to characterize both the oil yield and the pyrolysis process of the oil shale. 26,27,31 Here, we aim to discuss the interaction between oil shale and the 532 nm laser. The laser power and bias-voltage-dependent LIV response were determined, in which the LIV signal increased linearly with the power and the current increased nonlinearly with the bias voltage.…”

“…With the advantage of noncontact and insensitive to harsh environments, optical techniques can be served as an appropriate means to promote the development of the unconventional petroleum industry. Previously, the LIV measurements were employed to characterize both the oil yield and the pyrolysis process of the oil shale. ,, Here, we aim to discuss the interaction between oil shale and the 532 nm laser. The laser power and bias-voltage-dependent LIV response were determined, in which the LIV signal increased linearly with the power and the current increased nonlinearly with the bias voltage.…”

“…The higher the oil yield of the oil shale, the larger the LIV that occurred when the oil shale was irradiated using a laser. 27,31 Those results show that the LIV method is an effective means to study the oil potential of oil shale. Here, in this paper, we mainly focused on the generation mechanism of the LIV effect in oil shale.…”

Simultaneous Determination of Organic Distribution and Content in Oil Shale by Terahertz Imaging

“…Seeking a means for the rapid determination of oil distribution and content in oil shale will be of great help in optimizing the pyrolysis conditions and improving economic benefits. Optical techniques, with the advantages of requiring no contact, being nondestructive, and being impervious to Earth’s magnetic field, can be served as appropriate means to promote the development of the petroleum industry. − Various optical technologies, including optical fibers and infrared spectroscopy, have made great progress in the exploration of unconventional oil gas resources. Because of its unique advantages, THz spectroscopy is a promising method for the characterization of oil gas reservoirs.…”