Laser machining in die making—a modern rapid tooling process

Kaldos, A.; Pieper, H.-J.; Wolf, E. J.; Krause, Mathias J.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.04.258

Cited by 90 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…However, both parameters need to be increased, in order to achieve an optimum value for a higher MRR. Kaldos et al (Kaldos, 2004) used a CNC milling machine with a Nd:YAG laser source, on die steel, to study the impact of lamp current, pulse frequency, overlapping and scanning speed on surface roughness and the MRR. They concluded that an increase in current intensity or an insufficient overlap of laser passes results in a less well finished surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling pulsed laser micromachining of micro geometries using machine-learning techniques

et al. 2013

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A wide range of opportunities are emerging in the micro-system technology sector for laser micro-machining systems, because they are capable of processing a various types of materials with micro-scale precision. However, few process datasets and machine learning techniques are optimized for this industrial task. This article aims to show how the process parameters of micro-laser milling influence the final features of the microshapes that are produced and aims to identify, at the same time, the most accurate machine learning technique for the modelization of this multivariable process. We studied the capabilities of laser micromachining by performing experiments on hardened steel with a pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Arrays of micro-channels were manufactured using various scanning speeds, pulse intensities and pulse frequencies. The results are presented in terms of the main industrial requirements for any manufactured good: dimensional accuracy (in our case, depth and width of the channels), surface roughness and material removal rate (which is a measure of the productivity of the process). Different machine learning techniques were then tested on the datasets to try to build high accuracy models for each output variable. The selected techniques were: k-Nearest Neighbours, neural networks, decision trees and linear regression models. Our analysis of the correlation coefficients and the mean absolute error of all the generated models show that neural networks are better at modelling channel width and that decision trees are better at modelling surface roughness; both techniques are similar for depth and material removal rate. In all cases these two techniques are more accurate than the other two. It can be concluded that decision trees can be used for modelling laser micro-machining of micro geometries, if the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece is the main industrial requirement, while neural networks are better in the other cases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling pulsed laser micromachining of micro geometries using machine-learning techniques

et al. 2013

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“…High power, high repetition rate pulse lasers with neardiffraction-limited beam quality have made significant contributions in many applications such as X-ray generation [1] , attosecond pulses generation [2] and material processing [3][4][5][6][7] . In particular, the performance of material precise processing varies largely due to different pulse durations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be explained that with the ultrashort pulse duration (i.e., less than one picosecond), laser pulse transfers almost all of its energy to the electrons, rather than the atoms/lattice, and the pulse is shorter than the time takes for the energy of the electronics to reach equilibrium with the lattice, whereas the pulse machining by nanosecond or longer pulse laser may involve a solid-state phase transformation, melting or evaporation of the target due to thermal activation [4] . Although Q-switch laser processing systems have achieved great successes for their simple and stable schemes, the processing quality and scope of applications are limited, due to nanosecond pulse durations [4][5][6][7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High pulse energy fiber/solid-slab hybrid picosecond pulse system for material processing on polycrystalline diamonds

Chen

Liu

Song

et al. 2018

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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We demonstrate an all polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber mode-locked laser seeded, hybrid fiber/solid-slab picosecond pulse laser system which outputs 40 µJ, 10 ps pulses at the central wavelength of 1064 nm. The beam quality factors M 2 in the unstable and stable directions are 1.35 and 1.31, respectively. 15 µJ picosecond pulses at the central wavelength of 355 nm are generated through third harmonic generation (THG) by using two LiB 3 O 5 (LBO) crystals, in order to get better processing efficiency on polycrystalline diamonds. The high pulse energy and beam quality of these ultraviolet (UV) picosecond pulses are confirmed by latter experiments of material processing on polycrystalline diamonds. This scheme which combines the advantages of the all PM fiber mode-locked laser and the solid-slab amplifier enables compact, robust and chirped pulse amplification-free amplification with high power picosecond pulses.

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“…In the nineties the ablation of complex geometries has gained more interest [145,26]. Often, the relation between ϕ and geometrical parameters, as ablation depth d and surface roughness, has been investigated [146,147]. In these studies it has been found experimentally, that a pulse overlap of 0.3-0.5 is suitable for the removal of a plane layer of a material.…”

Section: Structuring Of Surface Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Davis, found an overlap of 0.75 as optimum to achieve a smooth surface finish. Examples of laser ablation implemented in manufacturing were the fabrication of stamping tools [81], engine blocks [150] and moulding tools [147].…”

Section: Structuring Of Surface Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial emergence of laser-induced periodic surface structures under lateral displacement irradiation conditions

Eichstädt¹

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University of Twente Blank Justus EichstädtThe spatial emergence of laser-induced periodic surface structures under lateral displacement irradiation conditions This book is archived in the library of the University of Twente and at the same time a dissertation. Detailed information and a digital version of this book can be found on the following web page: www.utwente.nl and under the specified DOI. A printed and high-resolution digital version can be ordered at the author. University of Twente PrefaceWith this book, I would like to present my contribution to science. The subject concerns the determination of laser irradiation parameters, an issue that puzzled me already for quite some time. Hence, the content of this book is determined by the experience that I have made with the analysis of laser experiments. It was necessary to understand the laser irradiation and the spatial emergence. So, I simply calculated the irradiation, as presented in Chapter 2 and 4, and started to think about the thresholds, as presented in Chapter 3. This work ended up in this scientific contribution.In the following, I will briefly describe the framework in which this work has been carried out. The research results were compiled at the Chair of Applied Laser Technology within the Faculty of Engineering Technology of the University of Twente in Enschede -The Netherlands in the years 2009 to 2014. In the first three years of this period a European research project has been carried out. This project had the acronym NanoClean. The aim of NanoClean was the mass production of permanent self-cleaning plastic parts for the automotive sector under industrial manufacturing conditions. Therefore, a previously lab-scale demonstrated laser based manufacturing technology was implemented and evaluated for an industrial application. NanoClean was performed in a collaboration of seven project partners: Maier S. Coop. A third project was related to the study of the tribological properties of LIPSS for precision positioning applications. This research was carried out by the Chair of Applied Laser Technology. The friction measurements have been performed at the Laboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology by Justus Eichstädt. Furthermore, the results were applied in the national M2i research project: Texturing using ultra short laser pulses, abbreviated TULP, with the industrial partners ASML Holding N.V., Lightmotif B.V., FEI Netherlands B.V., Holst Centre -TNO, Philips Applied V VI Preface Technologies. As part of this, an application project was carried out, in which adhesion measurements have been performed at TNO. The writing of this thesis and a part of the analysis were finished in Rathenow.Rathenow, summer 2015, Justus Eichstädt

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Laser machining in die making—a modern rapid tooling process

Cited by 90 publications

References 2 publications

Modeling pulsed laser micromachining of micro geometries using machine-learning techniques

Modeling pulsed laser micromachining of micro geometries using machine-learning techniques

High pulse energy fiber/solid-slab hybrid picosecond pulse system for material processing on polycrystalline diamonds

The spatial emergence of laser-induced periodic surface structures under lateral displacement irradiation conditions

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