Laser-modified titanium implants for improved cell adhesion

Abstract

Concerning dental implant systems, a main problem is the adhesion of peri-implant mucosa in the cervical region. The aim of the present study was to use a laser for modifying titanium implants to promote mucosal adhesion, which is indispensable as a biological barrier against bacterial infection. By the use of a KrF excimer laser, it was possible to induce a holey structure on the polished area of the implant surface, which was analysed by a scanning electron microscope. In addition, the attachment of fibroblast cells to the created structures was investigated with the aid of an environmental scanning electron microscope. It turned out that the cells preferentially attach to the holey structure. Thereby, the cells form bridges inside, leading to a complete covering of the hole. In this way, a more effective biological barrier against bacteria can be created.

Towards real-time observation of conditioning film and early biofilm formation under laminar flow conditions using a quartz crystal microbalance

“…Numerous studies have found that in the initial stages of the attachment process, bacterial adhesion to hydrophobic substrata was more extensive than to hydrophilic substrata [37][38][39]. In addition, there was a statistically significant tendency for cell attachment to increase with increasing surface roughness [17,40]. The increased surface roughness and hydrophobicity due to conditioning film formation, along with the enhancement of cation-bridging interactions and the impact of the alginate film structure, suggest that the initial stages of cell adhesion should be considered as the combined outcome of multiple factors.…”

Fundamentals of Biomedical Applications of Biomorphic SiC

“…cells (Heinrich et al, 2008). Additionally, these modified surfaces must resist both the mechanical wear and the corrosion (Sighvi et al, 1998).…”

Influence of Laser‐Microtextured Surface Collar on Marginal Bone Loss and Peri‐Implant Soft Tissue Response: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“…Compared with human gingival fibroblasts on titanium or zirconia surfaces, those on LMSs had a more mature morphology and greater proliferation and differentiation, creating a better soft tissue seal around implants 15 . Histologic studies 16–19 demonstrated that, unlike fibers aligned in a direction parallel and circumferential to the traditional implant neck as a fibrous capsule, fibers around an LMS present with a perpendicular, functional physical attachment. This kind of attachment is similar to that of a natural tooth, which is indispensable as a barrier against bacterial infection, 16 helping to stabilize peri‐implant soft tissue and diminish MBL 20 .…”

“…Histologic studies 16–19 demonstrated that, unlike fibers aligned in a direction parallel and circumferential to the traditional implant neck as a fibrous capsule, fibers around an LMS present with a perpendicular, functional physical attachment. This kind of attachment is similar to that of a natural tooth, which is indispensable as a barrier against bacterial infection, 16 helping to stabilize peri‐implant soft tissue and diminish MBL 20 . Several clinical studies have found that LMS collars could improve marginal bone preservation 21–36 and reduce probing depth (PD) 22‐25,28‐36 .…”