Laser nano-filament explosion for enabling open-grating sensing in optical fibre

Aghdami, Keivan Mahmoud; Rahnama, Abdullah; Ertorer, Erden; Herman, Peter R.

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26671-4

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…An important interest of arrays of deep and cylindrical “air holes” is for light‐confining structures (Bragg mirrors, photonic crystals) at the surface of photonic integrated circuits, for example on lithium niobate chips, [ 50 ] adapted from the concept of laser‐writing inside optical fiber core. [ 51 ] Moreover, semiconductors are accessible upon adjustment of the laser wavelength to match their transparency spectral region. [ 52 ] This could open new opportunities to fabricate silicon photonic integrated devices by index engineering based on nanohole assembly laser writing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engraving Depth‐Controlled Nanohole Arrays on Fused Silica by Direct Short‐Pulse Laser Ablation

Liu

Clady

Grojo

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Inter

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face plasmon resonances, and fostered the development of advanced sensors. [2,3] Fabricated on dielectric materials, arrays of nano-holes -and more generally regularly-ordered structures composed of subwavelength-diameter holes -form the basis of the architecture of integrated two-dimensional photonic crystals and all-dielectric metasurfaces, able to confine and manipulate light at unprecedented levels (including amplitude, spectral and spatial management). [4] The usual technological approaches for such nanofabrication of both plasmonic and all-dielectric nanostructures rely on various tools and approaches, amongst which focused ion beam, electron beam, photolithography, reactive ion etching, etc. [5,6] These fabrication methods are mature and highly performant, however, they are slow and they require several steps and techniques that need to be optimized for each material used, thereby inevitably increasing the overall costs and complexity of the whole process.Future advanced devices are now calling for making use of the third dimension (Z) in addition to perfectly well controlled planar nanopatterns (in X and Y dimensions). [7] In particular, arrangements made of arrays of nanoholes with depths reaching at least several micrometers may greatly broaden the range of possible designs and functionalities of nanophotonic structures. [7,8] However, the technological fabrication of such deep holes with a cylindrical profile at the surface of materials is challenging. [9][10][11][12] Thus, introducing a versatile fabrication technique that adds the hole depth as a straightforward and independent degree of freedom holds promises to form advanced architectures. In this context, we explore ultrafast laser processing as a direct way to create deep air holes at the surface of a reference dielectric material, fused silica. By "direct" we mean that one hole is fabricated by a single-step process, consisting in only one laser shot to ablate matter, without any extra treatment (like chemical etching for example [13] ) nor translation of the target material. [14] Although the ultimate spatial resolution of direct laser ablation with ultrashort pulses has not reached yet sufficient performance standards to compete with traditional nanofabrication processes to fabricate functional nanophotonic components, our aim is to show it represents a route for an alternative and complementary solution with attractive advantages in terms of speed, maskless and single-step process, absence of need of vacuum environment or chemicals. Additionally, the nanostructures can be fabricated on a single

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engraving Depth‐Controlled Nanohole Arrays on Fused Silica by Direct Short‐Pulse Laser Ablation

Liu

Clady

Grojo

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Inter

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, our research has provided insights into the formation of bulk nanogratings, revealing a self‐adaptive near‐field anisotropic nanostructuring process. These insights could inspire strategies to boost the formation of laser‐induced structures across various fields, including optical data storage, [ 8 ] optical fiber sensors, [ 43 ] microfluidic, [ 44 ] micromechanics, [ 45 ] geometric phase elements, [ 46 ] photonic crystals, [ 47 ] and quantum mechanics. [ 48 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Dimensional Shingled Optical Recording by Nanostructuring in Glass

Gao,

Zhao,

Yan

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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In the digital era, the need for high‐density data storage techniques has become increasingly imperative. To address this, the study has demonstrated a multi‐dimensional shingled optical recording technique, utilizing femtosecond laser‐induced nanostructures in silica glass. The evolution of the bulk nanostructures is investigated on a pulse‐by‐pulse basis using multiple microscopic analysis techniques. The formation of the nanostructures is attributed to a self‐adaptive near‐field anisotropic nanostructuring process. Furthermore, it is shown that writing in a 3D shingled configuration significantly reduces the volume per data voxel to a size of 500 nm × 500 nm × 1.0 µm, surpassing the diffraction limit. This reduction is achieved even when employing an infrared laser and a relatively low numerical aperture objective lens. As a result, the approach increases the data storage capacity by at least two orders of magnitude compared to conventional techniques. The work paves the way for advanced shingled optical recording techniques offering ultra‐dense capacity, ultra‐long lifetime, and low energy consumption.

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“…[25] This regime allows for energy deposition of a single ultrashort pulse along a high-aspect ratio nano-plasma, which evolves within tens of microseconds, [26] into a high-aspect ratio nano-void inside glasses or sapphire, with important applications for high-speed cutting (≈ 1 m s −1 ) or for the nano-fabrication of sensors. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Importantly, higher-order Bessel beams, which carry a vortex charge, possess a focal region in the shape of a high-aspect-ratio hollow cylinder. Their stability in the nonlinear, ultrashort pulse regime has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 25 ] This regime allows for energy deposition of a single ultrashort pulse along a high‐aspect ratio nano‐plasma, which evolves within tens of microseconds, [ 26 ] into a high‐aspect ratio nano‐void inside glasses or sapphire, with important applications for high‐speed cutting (

\approx 1

\rm{s}^{-1}

) or for the nano‐fabrication of sensors. [ 27–33 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Shot Generation of High‐Aspect‐Ratio Nano‐Rods from Sapphire by Ultrafast First Order Bessel Beam

Belloni,

Hassan,

Furfaro

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Engineering the polarization and spatial phase of ultrafast laser pulses represents a compelling strategy for enhancing control over laser–matter interaction and enabling rapid and innovative nano‐fabrication processes. Here, the single‐shot, ultrafast laser fabrication of high‐aspect‐ratio, vertically standing nano‐pillars with a diameter of ≈800 nm and height up to 15 µm on the surface of sapphire, is reported. To achieve this, the distinctive properties of diffraction‐free, first‐order Bessel beams endowed with either radial or azimuthal polarization distributions, are harnessed under tight focusing conditions. The highly intense laser–matter interaction in this configuration generates a tubular‐shaped, high‐pressure field beneath the material surface, leading to the rapid expulsion of material across the surface. Three distinct regimes for the pillar generation are identified in addition to a mechanism based on the Rayleigh‐Plateau theory that explains the distinct morphological regimes observed. The findings not only shed light on the underlying physical mechanisms of intense excitation of transparent dielectrics but also offer exciting prospects for the rapid fabrication of positive nano‐structures and material compression across various fields of application.

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Laser nano-filament explosion for enabling open-grating sensing in optical fibre

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

Engraving Depth‐Controlled Nanohole Arrays on Fused Silica by Direct Short‐Pulse Laser Ablation

Engraving Depth‐Controlled Nanohole Arrays on Fused Silica by Direct Short‐Pulse Laser Ablation

Multi‐Dimensional Shingled Optical Recording by Nanostructuring in Glass

Single Shot Generation of High‐Aspect‐Ratio Nano‐Rods from Sapphire by Ultrafast First Order Bessel Beam

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