Laser-pumped Stimulated Emission from Organic Dyes: Experimental Studies and Analytical Comparisons

Amplified emission of phthalocyanine isolated in cryogenic matrices

“…This novel solid state effect is the subject of the present article as it is noteworthy that two previous matrix luminescence studies on the phthalocyanines, one by Bondybey and English 5 on H 2 Pc and another by Williamson and coworkers 6 on ZnPc in Ar matrices, did not report such an effect. In contrast, stimulated emission has been reported by Sorokin and co-workers 7 for the closely related molecule chloroaluminium phthalocyanine in solution. Significantly, this was achieved with pulsed ruby laser excitation and within a resonator cavity.…”

“…These dye materials were examined by Sorokin 7 as good candidates to generate stimulated emission around 750 nm. With this characteristic, H 2 Pc and ZnPc seem ideal molecules to observe the AE process in low temperature matrices.…”

“…In the previous studies of phthalocyanine in solution, 7 isolated in organic solids 17,23 or matrices 5,6 the transition involving the vibrational mode around 1550 cm À1 is always either one of the more intense bands or the most intense band in emission spectra. The stimulated emission observed by Sorokin et al 7 for AlPc in ethanol was also on this vibronic transition.…”

Intersystem-crossing and excited-state absorption in eosin Y solutions determined by picosecond double pulse transient absorption measurements

“…It is applied as a photo-oxidation sensitizer due to its high efficiency of singlet oxygen generation [3][4][5][6]. Laser action of eosin Y was achieved in various solvents [7][8][9][10][11][12]. The dye was applied to nonlinear optical processes like low power phase conjugation [13][14][15] and spatial light modulation [16].…”

Electronic spectroscopy, stimulated emission, and persistent spectral hole burning of cryogenic nitrogen matrices doped with tetrabenzoporphin

“…The interest in porphyrins and phthalocyanines molecules as systems capable of SE is due to their high values of the fluorescence quantum yields, intense absorption bands in the visible spectrum, allowing carrying out effectively their excitation and localization of the fluorescence spectra in the red and near-IR region, as well as high thermal and photo stabilities. We recall that lasing emission from an organic molecule was observed for the first time in 1964 by Sorokin and Lankard [9,10]: stimulated emission was observed when a solution of chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine dissolved in ethanol was irradiated by the beam from a giant-pulse ruby laser. The wavelength of this stimulated emission was centered at approximately 755 nm.…”