Laser spectroscopy of the B[17.7]8–X8 and C[19.3]9–X8 transitions of holmium monochloride

Laser spectroscopy of the B[21.68]8–X8, B′[21.65]8–X8 and C[22.3]7–X27 transitions of holmium monofluoride

“…All upper state vibrational assignments are based purely on lack of observation of bands at lower wavenumber than those we have assigned to the v 0 = 0 level. As both Ho and F are single isotopes, we could not confirm this using the isotope effect as we did with HoCl [1,2]. Thus the assignments are subject to future correction if further experiments yield more bands of these systems.…”

“…Most recently, we have been investigating holmium monofluoride and monochloride and published our first observations of the A9-X8 [1], B8-X8 and C9-X8 [2] transitions in HoCl establishing that the ground state electronic angular momentum is X = 8 as predicted by ligand field theory (LFT) calculations [3]. The first holmium monohalide to be studied was HoF.…”

Laser spectroscopy of the A[16.4]8.5–X7.5, A[16.4]8.5–Y[0.15]8.5, and A[16.4]8.5–Z[0.85]7.5 transitions of dysprosium monochloride

“…Vibrational frequency is therefore a useful indicator of the configuration. For YbCl [7] whose ground state configuration was 4f 14 6s, the vibrational frequency was 290 cm À1 whereas for HoCl [2,3], with a 4f 10 6s 2 configuration, the vibrational frequency was 330 cm À1 and these two frequencies are expected to be signatures of the open s and closed s shell configurations, respectively.…”

“…This is a simplistic description of LFT as, in reality, all the states are admixtures of more than one configuration but this simple approach does allow us to predict the expected molecular states. Most recently, we have reported results of our investigation of the holmium monochloride, HoCl, [2,3] and holmium monofluoride, HoF, [4,5] molecules. For both of these molecules, the ground state configuration was found to be Ho + (f 10 s 2 )X À in agreement with LFT predictions.…”

Hyperfine structure in the X8, A[19.1]9 and B[21.68]8 states of HoF and X8 and A[15.6]9 state of HoCl

“…Holmium (Ho) is a prime candidate among the lanthanides as it has a single isotope with nuclear spin I = 7/2 and a very large magnetic moment. An important portion of these studies has therefore been devoted to holmium-containing molecules, HoO [1][2][3][4], HoS [5,6] and the halides HoF [7,8] and HoCl [9,10]. For HoO and HoS, the eight hyperfine components of the rotational lines in the observed electronic transitions were well resolved even at the Doppler limited resolution ($900 MHz) in a Broida oven.…”