Laser therapy for recurrent aphthous stomatitis: an overview

Silveira

Journal of Biophotonics

et al. 2020

Emerging evidence indicates the clinical benefits of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the management of skin and mucosal wounds. Here, we decided to explore the effects of different regiments of PBMT on epithelial cells and stem cells, and the potential implications over the epigenetic circuitry during healing. Scratch‐wound migration, immunofluorescence (anti‐acetyl‐Histone H3, anti‐acetyl‐CBP/p300 and anti‐BMI1), nuclear morphometry and western blotting (anti‐Phospho‐S6, anti‐methyl‐CpG binding domain protein 2 [MBD2]) were performed. Epithelial stem cells were identified by the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymatic levels and sphere‐forming assay. We observed that PBMT‐induced accelerated epithelial migration and chromatin relaxation along with increased levels of histones acetylation, the transcription cofactors CBP/p300 and mammalian target of rapamycin. We further observed a reduction of the transcription repression‐associated protein MBD2 and a reduced number of epithelial stem cells and spheres. In this study, we showed that PBMT could induce epigenetic modifications of epithelial cells and control stem cell fate, leading to an accelerated healing phenotype.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation therapy drives massive epigenetic histone modifications, stem cells mobilization and accelerated epithelial healing

Silveira

Journal of Biophotonics

et al. 2020

“…RAU, which is also known as recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), is the most common lesion observed by clinicians who manage oral ulcerative disease and affects up to 5-20% of the population. 77,78 The etiology is unknown, but several factors have been implicated, all of which influence the composition of the oral mucosa and saliva-resident microbiota, which, in turn, modulates immunity and thereby affects disease progression 15,79 Microbial dysbiosis indicates disease progression in recurrent aphthous ulcer The cause of RAU is idiopathic and multifactorial. However, aphthous ulcers are more prevalent in individuals with poor oral hygiene practices, 80 suggesting that oral microbial disorders may participate in the regulation of immune dysfunction and eventually lead to intraepithelial blisters and barrier damage.…”

Section: Impact Of the Oral Microbiota On Recurrent Aphthous Ulcermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…88 It is known that RAU occurs on only nonkeratinized oral mucosa but not on keratinized oral mucosa, which may be related to the significant difference in the composition of the microbiome between keratinized mucosa and nonkeratinized mucosa. 77,89,90 Moreover, RAU is relatively rare in smokers, while the oral microbiomes in smokers and nonsmokers are obviously dissimilar. Studies have suggested that smoking may improve some mechanical properties of the oral epithelium by increasing its thickness and promoting keratosis, which is consistent with the rare occurrence of RAU in the keratinized oral mucosae.…”

Section: Microbiome-infected Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Cause Recurrent Aphthous Ulcermentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between the oral microbiota, mucosal immunity, and the epithelial barrier regulates oral mucosal disease pathogenesis

et al. 2021

Oral mucosal disease (OMD), which is also called soft tissue oral disease, is described as a series of disorders or conditions affecting the mucosa and soft tissue in the oral cavity. Its etiology is unclear, but emerging evidence has implicated the influence of the composition of the oral mucosa and saliva-resident microbiota. In turn, this dysbiosis effects the immune response balance and epithelial barrier function, followed by the occurrence and progression of OMD. In addition, oral microbial dysbiosis is diverse in different types of diseases and different disease progressions, suggesting that key causal pathogens may exist in various oral pathologies. This narrative literature review primarily discusses the most recent findings focusing on how microbial dysbiosis communicates with mucosal adaptive immune cells and the epithelial barrier in the context of five representative OMDs, including oral candidiasis (OC), oral lichen planus (OLP), recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU), oral leukoplakia (OLK), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), to provide new insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms of OMDs.

“…Known local predisposing factors for RAS are trauma, food hypersensitivity, dental procedures, stress, and non-smoking. [ 7 8 9 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Zhang

Qian

2020

Medicine

Background: The objective of this meta-analysis was to summarize and identify the available evidence from studies to estimate the clinical value of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and provides clinicians with evidence on which to base their clinical decision making. Methods: This review will include all studies comparing clinical efficacy of TCM in the treatment of RAS. The search strategy will be performed in 9 databases. We will not establish any limitations to language and publication status, published from inception to the August 2020. Two reviewers will screen, select studies, extract data, and assess quality independently. Outcome is clinical efficacy, pain relief, duration of wound healing, effect on wound healing, rate of recurrence, adverse events, and safety. The methodological quality including the risk of bias of the included studies will be evaluated. We will carry out statistical analysis using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: This study will summarize current evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of TCM in the treatment of RAS. Conclusion: The findings of this study will provide helpful evidence for the clinician, and will promote further studies, as well as studying the value of TCM. Registration number: INPLASY202080126 (DOI number: 10.37766/inplasy2020.8.0126).