Laser ultrasonics for process control in the metal industry

Falkenström, Magnus; Engman, Martin; Lindh-Ulmgren, Eva; Hutchinson, Bevis

doi:10.1080/10589759.2011.573553

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…1) It is well known that laser-ultrasonic (LU) information about microstructural and metallurgical properties such as texture and grain size can be used to extract from the measured ultrasonic wave velocity and attenuation in the materials. 2,3) Results have also been published on austenite recrystallization and grain growth in steel alloys. 46) In rolled strip material, the grain size is influenced by various kinds of thermo-mechanical processes applied in the rolling mill (hot and cold rolling and annealing).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Grain Size Measurement in Steel by Laser Ultrasonics Based on Time Domain Energy

Yin

Yang

2015

Mater. Trans.

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Laser ultrasonics, a technique based on the generation of ultrasonic waves by a pulsed laser and on their detection by a laser interferometer, can be used to determine grain sizes in steels. The absolute values of the average grain size can be calculated directly from the attenuation measurements of ultrasonic longitudinal bulk waves. The general methods of attenuation measurements are computed based on the amplitude of longitudinal waves. In fact, the amplitude as only one value is infected by the noise. Besides, the attenuation should be considered as the energy reduction. The method of time domain energy is proposed to compute the attenuation. The results indicate that time domain energy can improve the accuracy of the grain size prediction. The laser ultrasonic technique may be incorporated online for direct measurements of grain size during steel production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Grain Size Measurement in Steel by Laser Ultrasonics Based on Time Domain Energy

Yin

Yang

2015

Mater. Trans.

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“…The resulting measurement scheme is contactless, making it suitable for inline measurements in a steel mill, where the movement and temperature of the steel strip are a challenge for conventional transducers. Details on the physical background and practical applications of LUS techniques are described in several books and articles, e.g., [12][13][14][15][16]. Various LUS systems have been developed and used in offline systems [5,10,[17][18][19] or as inline systems in steel mills [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Grain Size and Composition in Steel Using Laser UltraSonics Simulations at Different Temperatures

Duijster

Volker²,

Berg³

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The applicability of laser ultrasonics for the determination of grain size and phase composition in steels under different temperatures was investigated. This was done by obtaining the velocity and attenuation of propagating ultrasonic waves in a simulated steel medium. Samples of ferrite and austenite with varying microstructures were modelled and simulated with the finite difference method, as were samples with varying ratios of austenite and martensite. The temperature of the medium was taken into account as an essential parameter, since both velocity and attenuation are temperature dependent. Results of the velocity and attenuation analysis showed that the use of the wave propagation velocity is not feasible for determination of grain size or phase composition due to a high sensitivity to temperature and sample thickness. The frequency-dependent ultrasonic wave attenuation was less sensitive to the variation of temperature and sample thickness. It can be concluded that accurate knowledge of the temperature is essential for obtaining a correct grain size or phase ratio estimation: a temperature accuracy of 100 °C yields a grain size accuracy in the order of a micrometer using the attenuation. Similarly, a temperature accuracy of 70 °C leads to a phase ratio estimation accuracy of 10%.

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“…Laser ultrasonics sensing (LUS) has been identified as a useful tool to measure phase transformations in metals and alloys [14][15][16][17][18][19]. In addition to being in-situ, it is a non-contact and non-destructive technique that permits real-time tracking of microstructure evolution during complex thermomechanical processing, which is advantageous from the industrial perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ measurement of the β to α phase transformation kinetics in a Ti-5553 alloy using laser ultrasonics

Rodrigues

Garcin²,

Militzer

2020

MATEC Web Conf.

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Ti-5553 alloy (Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr wt.%) is one of the newest high strength metastable β-titanium alloys to be used in large section components of aircraft structures. Like other Ti-alloys, Ti-5553 can be strengthened by precipitation of the α-phase during aging heat treatments. In the present study, we explored the potential of laser ultrasonics for metallurgy (LUMet) as an in-situ tool to measure the α precipitation kinetics during high temperature isothermal aging in a Ti-5553 alloy. The observed change in longitudinal ultrasound velocity was seen to be linearly correlated with the α-phase fraction measured via post-mortem electron microscopy. The results are promising for a wider use of LUMet to design optimized heat treatment schedules for commercial Tialloys. Laser ultrasonics offers the potential for real-time monitoring of microstructure evolution in industrial production lines.

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Laser ultrasonics for process control in the metal industry

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Grain Size Measurement in Steel by Laser Ultrasonics Based on Time Domain Energy

Grain Size Measurement in Steel by Laser Ultrasonics Based on Time Domain Energy

Estimation of Grain Size and Composition in Steel Using Laser UltraSonics Simulations at Different Temperatures

In-situ measurement of the β to α phase transformation kinetics in a Ti-5553 alloy using laser ultrasonics

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